tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-23680542159816859042024-03-19T05:45:54.296-07:00Forever Young - The Life and Times of the Young Family from SCAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.comBlogger44125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-7011754615872869402016-03-27T17:07:00.001-07:002016-04-07T04:34:17.645-07:00My Brick Wall is Really Made of Stone! Pt IIThe infamous <i>"brick wall"</i> is a genealogist's nightmare. We have all been to the point where our research has reached a dead end. My <i>"theoretical"</i> brick wall is that my Livingston ancestors were not found in documents prior to 1866. However, I recently found out what my brick wall is composed of in real life. That information helped me break through the wall and locate my ancestors in 1850.<br />
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Since my <a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2016/03/boston-livingston-leave-no-stone.html" target="_blank">3rd great-granduncle Boston Livingston</a> (1817-1880) died in an accident involving gravel, I did a
Google search of stone quarries in Orangeburg during the 1800s. I found a place
that tied to Boston Livingston called White Hill Plantation. White Hill was
located in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Matthews,_South_Carolina" target="_blank">St. Matthews Parish</a>, Orangeburg County, South Carolina. The original
plantation lands were located about six miles from the city of Orangeburg off
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bannered_routes_of_U.S._Route_601" target="_blank">US Route 601</a>, right before the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calhoun_County,_South_Carolina" target="_blank">Calhoun County</a> line. Near or on the
property was a hot spring called Huffman or Hoffman Springs. The Springs were more or less
in the right general area, just east of the intersection of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interstate_26_in_South_Carolina" target="_blank">I-26</a> and Belleville
Road. It was a small fairly deep clear pool and you could see the water boiling
up through the sandy bottom. The construction of I-26 highway may have
destroyed it. St. Matthews Parish is now the seat of government of Calhoun County.</div>
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The <a href="http://south-carolina-plantations.com/orangeburg/white-hill.html">South
Carolina Plantations website</a> had the following facts about White Hill and
its owners:</div>
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<ul>
<li>1799 – Dr. Van de Vastine Jamison was the original owner of
White Hill Plantation. Dr. Jamison was born on March 24, 1765 in Bucks County,
Pennsylvania. He was in South Carolina by 1792 and was counted in the 1790
Census. He was listed as the only person in his household - unmarried and
owning no slaves. On January 22, 1799 he married Elizabeth Rumph, daughter of
Jacob Rumph. They made White Hill their home and had 7 children.</li>
<li>1809 – Dr. Van de Vastine Jamison purchased 92 acres in the
vicinity of White Hill. The area was referred to as Little Bool Swamp which is the
present-day township of Bull Swamp. It is assumed that he added this acreage to
White Hill.</li>
<li>1810 – Dr. Van de Vastine Jamison did not like the fact that
a public road ran directly through his property. He petitioned the legislature
to alter the route. This route was probably US 601.</li>
<li>1814 – Elizabeth Rumph Jamison died. Dr. Jamison never remarried.</li>
<li>1820 – A plat showed Dr. Van de Vastine Jamison as the owner
of White Hill.</li>
<li>1825 – Dr. Jamison was harvesting the oyster shells on his
property. He burned down the shells to produce lime. Lime was used in the
Carolinas for construction materials such as limestone and for indigo making. Robert Mills wrote of a peculiar sort of
oyster shell found there which was longer than those found at the seashore.<i> </i><i>"In Dr. Jamison's plantation . . . ten hands can raise in a week as many
of these oyster shells, from their bed, though seven feet below the surface as
when burnt, will yield twelve hundred bushels of lime." In writing of the
geology of Orangeburg District, he added: "Considerable bodies of the
compact stone rock run through the district from northeast to southwest.
Jamison is the only one that has attended to this rock so as to derive any
advantage from quarrying and burning it. He has been for many years engaged in
supplying the demands of the district for lime, both for building and for
indigo making, for which it answers very well. The lime made is of an excellent
quality. Dr. J. makes about 3,000 bushels annually, and, could he find sale for
it, could prepare ten times as much.” </i>Limestone was most popular in the late 19th and early 20th
centuries. Roads, highways (US 601 and I-26), train stations, banks and other structures from that era were normally made
of limestone. <b>Therefore, my genealogy brick wall was made of limestone!</b></li>
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<li>1833 – On February 22<sup>nd</sup>, Dr. Jamison released
title to <i>"White Hill plantation, all negro slaves, horses, cattle, hogs
and farming utensils to John A. Tyler and Van de Vastine Samuel Jamison."</i> John
A. Tyler was his son-in-law and Van De Vastine Samuel Jamison (1808-1876) was his son. V.D.V. Samuel Jamison was district commissioner over the legal dispute concerning the estate of Barnet Livingston in 1867. </li>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSxgoRvap2N5zA18UHikG5xG-AL1z-IMVK1m0DCQb0EXvVd0iZ6VGjnzDzePDkwCzXVT97cZQZgVCZRJFpyyS1hcGP5on-rMyjhAgZ9VCjQpRy7Z-Dkp_xPwairqM9EWRvV8wrUHNysY4/s1600/Henry+Livingston+The+Orangeburg+News+1867.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgSxgoRvap2N5zA18UHikG5xG-AL1z-IMVK1m0DCQb0EXvVd0iZ6VGjnzDzePDkwCzXVT97cZQZgVCZRJFpyyS1hcGP5on-rMyjhAgZ9VCjQpRy7Z-Dkp_xPwairqM9EWRvV8wrUHNysY4/s320/Henry+Livingston+The+Orangeburg+News+1867.JPG" width="314" /></a></div>
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<li>1836 – Dr. Jamison died on December 15<sup>th</sup> at Pine
Grove Plantation in St. Matthews Parish. His body was brought to White Hill and
buried in the family cemetery. He was 71 years old.</li>
<li>1844 – On January 20, John A. Tyler and Elizabeth Tyler sold
White Hill to Dr. Willis Wilkinson, a physician in Charleston, SC.</li>
<li>The plantation consisted of 1,395 acres. The family cemetery
was excluded in the sale of the property. That tract of land was reserved for
the Jamison family. The Jamison Family Cemetery is located on Belleville Road
about five miles northeast of the city of Orangeburg. I do not know if slaves
were buried on that site. It is worth looking into to see if there is a preserved section for the burial of enslaved persons.</li>
<li>1849 – On September 21, Dr. Willis Wilkinson sold White Hill
to Dr. James Jenkins. James Gwyn B. D. Jenkins was a physician who practiced in
the Orangeburg District before the Civil War. He was born on March 24, 1805, the son of the
Reverend James and Elizabeth Ann Gwyn Jenkins.
Dr. Jenkins was married first to Elizabeth Moorer and second to her
sister, Electra Moorer. He and his
family lived in the village of Orangeburg, where he practiced medicine in St.
Matthews Parish for 25 years. After giving up the practice of medicine, he
turned his attention to his farming interest and became one of the best farmers
of his district. In 1862 and 1863, Dr.
Jenkins represented Orange Parish in the state legislature. He died on August
10, 1866 of a hemorrhage of the lungs at age sixty and was buried in the
Presbyterian Cemetery in Orangeburg. During his ownership the plantation it was
known as Jenkins' Hill, located in <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lexington_County,_South_Carolina" target="_blank">Lexington</a>, Orangeburg District, between
Santee and Edisto Rivers north of Belleville Road.</li>
<li>1850 - An inventory and appraisal of property following the death of Dr. Willis Wilkinson was conducted. Approximately 160 Negroes were named in the document.</li>
<li>1861 – An account of a tornado appeared in the Charleston
Mercury on Tuesday May 7, 1861. <i>“I heard of more destruction from the tornado. Dr. Jenkins’ place is in ruins and he narrowly
escaped with his life. Two Negroes were
killed. About 1 p.m. I passed the scene
of the tornado. Trees were demolished."
</i>(<a href="http://archiver.rootsweb.ancestry.com/th/read/ORANGEBURGH_SC/2011-02/1298302726" target="_blank">S.C. Historical Magazine Volume 48, 1947 – page 156 - Diary of Samuel EdwardBurgess 1860-1862</a>)</li>
</ul>
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I wonder if I am related to the two unnamed Negroes that
died during the storm. The plantation house was completely damaged and was
subsequently deserted. The rock quarry remained untouched and was in operation till the turn of the century.</div>
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The former site of Jenkins Hill plantation is now a <a href="http://charlestonrealestatemlstoday.com/Edisto-Island-SC-Real-Estate/Vacant-Land/26-Jenkins-Hill-Rd-Edisto-Island-SC-29438-xx2905470.html" target="_blank">luxury subdivision and vacation getaway</a>. </div>
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The chronological list of plantation owners were – Dr. Van
de Vastine Jamison (1799-1833); John A. Tyler and Van de Vastine Samuel Jamison
(1833-1844); Dr. Willis Wilkinson (1844-1849) and Dr. James Jenkins (1849-1866).
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The real reason for my theoretical brick wall was that I couldn't find my Livingston ancestors under Livingston property but rather on the White Hill plantation as Wilkinson property. In the next blog post, I will attempt to identify and track the enslaved persons of this plantation and connect them to the Livingston family.</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com14tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-16981351927779396552016-03-14T18:21:00.002-07:002016-03-27T19:28:28.780-07:00Boston Livingston - Leave No Stone Unturned Pt IWhen I first started this blog post, I had hoped to shed some light on the life of my 3x great-grandfather. Over the last two months, I have been doing some research on who I had hoped was my ancestor, <b>Boston Livingston</b>. My goal was to knock down another brick wall. Some come down in one fell swoop, others piece by piece. This is one of those stories where I have been chipping away at it for years.<br />
<br />
I know some of you feel that it seems impossible to get over that "brick wall" when it comes to tracing the lives of certain ancestors. You really do have to put the time in to doing the research and examine all the possibilities. Just like the title says, the idiom <i>"to leave no stone unturned"</i> means to do everything possible to find something or solve a problem.<br />
<br />
Years ago, I initially thought my 3x great-grandfather was Boston Livingston.<br />
The only document about him that I found through the Ancestry website was the record of his death.<br />
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Boston Livingston, a married black male farm laborer aged 70, died in an accident involving gravel during April 1880 Willow Township, Orangeburg, South Carolina.<br />
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Recently, I checked for updates of any of my DNA cousins within the Ancestry website that shared a Livingston surname. I found a relative who descended from <b>Marcilla Livingston</b> b. 1872 Orangeburg. Marcilla's death certificate stated her mother's name was <b>Lucy</b>. I also found another relative who descended from <b>Irena Livingston-Phelps</b> b. 1878 Orangeburg. Irena's death certificate stated her parents were Boston and Lucy Livingston. Lucy lived in Hebron Township, Orangeburg during the 1880 census with her children <b>Eliza</b> b. 1862, <b>Luckey</b> b. 1867, <b>Maryanne </b>b. 1870, <b>Marcella </b>b. 1872 (married <b>Donald Livingston</b>), <b>Irena </b>b. 1874 (married <b>William Phelps</b>), <b>Martha</b> b. 1877 (married<b> Govan Millhouse</b>) and <b>Eugene</b> b. 1879. Lucy lived adjacent to white Livingston families.<br />
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These DNA cousins who descend from Boston and Lucy Livingston are my 5th cousins. That means we share one or both 4x great-grandparents.<br />
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This meant that Boston Livingston my 3x great-granduncle. I was disappointed at first. I was between a rock and a hard place but then I realized Boston gave me a clue already. If I find more records of him then maybe I can find the names of his brothers, sisters and parents.<br />
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Since no one was found in the 1870 census, I had to find alternate records within other websites that might include names of my relatives. On the FamilySearch website, I discovered <a href="https://familysearch.org/search/image/index?owc=collection%2F2127881%2Fwaypoints" target="_blank">Freedmen Office Records - Orangeburg Hospital Register of Sick and Wounded 1866 to 1868</a>. The Freedmen's Bureau was established by an act of Congress on March 3, 1865. They were responsible for all matters relating to refugees, freedmen, and all lands seized or abandoned during the Civil War. Bureau officials operated hospitals such as Orangburg Hospital in South Carolina. Within these files, I found several individuals with the variation of the Livingston surname.<br />
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<ul>
<li><b>Boston Levingston</b> b. 1817 (age 49) July 2-29, 1866 and (age 51) August 25, 1868 - Retention of urine cytosis.</li>
<li><b>Adam Levinston</b> b. 1821 (age 45) June 28-July 3, 1866 - Ulcer of the leg.</li>
<li><b>Jerry Livingston</b> b. 1825 (age 43) August 23, 1868 - Jaundice.</li>
<li><b>Charles Levingston</b> b. 1826 (age 40) July 9, 1866 - Lost his leg 20 years ago. Charles was a brother of Jerry. Jerry had a grandson named Charlie b. 1883.</li>
<li><b>Rachel Levingston</b> b. 1844 (age 24) August 29, 1868 - Amputation of little toe.</li>
<li><b>John Levinston</b> b. 1846 (age 20) June 28-July 28, 1866 - Fever and dropsy.</li>
</ul>
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Is it morbid to be glad that your ancestors were sick enough to go to a hospital? I am thankful that they did receive medical attention and survived during the post Civil War period of Reconstruction. As luck would have it, there were multiple records of their illnesses. I underlined a few of their medical visits below.<br />
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I compared the names from the hospital records to the 1880 Orangeburg census.<br />
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<ul>
<li><b>Boston Livingston</b> was married to<b> Lucy</b> b. 1832 in the 1880 Hebron, Orangeburg area.</li>
<li><b>Adam Livingston</b> was single in the 1880 Liberty, Orangeburg area. He was not the same Adam Livingston that was married to Clarisa in the 1870-1880 Clarendon censuses.</li>
<li><b>Dick (Richard) Livingston</b> b. 1825 was married to <b>Eliza</b> b. 1830 in the 1880 Liberty, Orangeburg area. They would later divorce.</li>
<li><b>Jerry Livingston</b> b. 1820 was married to<b> Katie</b> b. 1825 in the 1880 Liberty, Orangeburg area. Their daughter <b>Salina </b>b. 1862 married <b>Jim Zeigler</b> b. 1839. </li>
<li><b>Rachel Livingston</b> b. 1844 was a widow in the 1880 Liberty, Orangeburg area. Her daughter <b>Chloe</b> b. 1864 married <b>Enoch Pou (Pough)</b> b. 1858. Rachel was a neighbor of Jerry. </li>
<li><b>Charles Livingston</b> was not found in Orangeburg the 1880 census. He might have been the same person as C. Livingston b. 1830 married to Liza b. 1835 in the 1880 Williamsburg, SC census.</li>
<li><b>John Livingston</b> was also missing from the 1880 census. He might have died or relocated somewhere else. He might have been Jerry's son and Rachel's husband.</li>
</ul>
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My 2x great-grandparents <b>Jace</b> b. 1854 and <b>Dorcas Livingston</b> b. 1852 lived in Liberty, Orangeburg during 1880. I couldn't find my 3x great-grandmother <b>Idella Livingston </b>b. 1830 in that census. I did find others though. <b>Clinch Livingston</b> b. 1830 was married to <b>Clarinda</b> b. 1830 in the 1880 Liberty, Orangeburg area. They also named a daughter <b>Chloe</b> b. 1855. <b>Satira (Satirya) Jenkins-Livingston-Jackson</b> b. 1835 married her 2nd husband <b>Samuel Jackson</b> b. 1840 around 1866 in the Hebron, Orangeburg area. Her first husband was a Livingston (first name unknown). One of her daughters <b>Louvenia Livingston</b> b. 1857 married <b>January Hart </b>b. 1850. I thought <a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2014/11/the-missing-livingston-child.html" target="_blank">Louvenia was Jace's sister</a> but now I know she was not. </div>
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So who was my 3x great-grandfather? I am not sure yet. Adam looks promising however I cannot confirm anything yet. My DNA did point out that Boston was related to one of my 3x great-grandparents so at least I have that to go forward. I made enough mistakes by assuming relationships without proof.<br />
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As I said earlier, I have a huge brick wall with the Livingston Family. Boston's DNA provided the first chip I needed to whittle away at the problem.<br />
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Next time, I will show you what that brick wall was "made" of! </div>
<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com18tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-26145324664268578512016-01-06T10:41:00.000-08:002016-01-06T11:30:29.200-08:00The Hankerson Boys/Nancy Young Mysteries Part IIIIn the last two blog posts of the Hankerson Boys/Nancy Young Mysteries I uncovered several things:<br />
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<ul>
<li><a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2015/11/the-hankerson-boysnancy-young-mysteries.html" target="_blank">My DNA test revealed that <b>Simon Hankerson</b> was the father of <b>Nancy Young</b></a>. His father was named <b>Simmon</b>. </li>
<li><a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2015/12/the-hankerson-boysnancy-young-mysteries.html" target="_blank"><b>Betty</b> (<i>formerly known as Missy I</i>) was the first wife of Simon Hankerson</a>. She was the mother of his first group of children that included Nancy Young.</li>
</ul>
In the finale of this trilogy we reveal the true name of Missy II. She was the wife of Simmon and the mother of Simon Hankerson. This Missy would be my 4x great-grandmother. In addition, I was able to identify other relatives of the Hankerson family and their immediate descendants.<br />
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When I first contacted my cousin Charles Hankerson, I didn't know at the time we were related. He was gracious enough to show me all his hard work tracing his family tree. <a href="http://www.genealogy.com/ftm/h/a/n/Charles-Hankerson-3/GENE1-0002.html" target="_blank">On the Hankerson Family website</a>, he provided the July 5, 1788 Will of Robert Hankinson. Robert owned the Crackers Neck Plantation in Winton (<i>now Barnwell</i>) County, South Carolina. In this will, Robert had 5 groups of enslaved persons distributed to his family members upon his death:<br />
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<ul>
<li>To wife Susanna Hankinson - <b>Old George, Stepney, Old Sasar</b> and <b>Bess;</b></li>
<li>To son Richard Hankinson - <b>Simmon, Sarah, Butler, Hepney</b> (<i>or <b>Stepney</b></i>)<b>, Diana</b> and <b>Hannah;</b> </li>
<li>To daughter Sarah Hankinson - <b>Young George, Sybe, March, Molly</b> and <b>Lucke;</b></li>
<li>To daughter Pattey Hankinson - <b>Lewis, Sarah</b> (<i>his wife</i>), <b>Lide, Mourning</b> and <b>Jim</b> <b>the</b> <b>Blacksmith</b>;</li>
<li>To daughter Mary Hankinson - <b>Jammy, Mary, Dotty, Jeck</b> and <b>Tome.</b></li>
</ul>
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There were <b><span style="color: red;">25</span> </b>enslaved persons at Crackers Neck in 1788. Normally, the Last Will and Testament is all you would need to identify your ancestors. This document did not fully distinguish which of the enslaved were adults and children. That is why Charles chose a generic name Missy as a place holder for Simmon's wife. This information remained unchallenged for years until I put my detective skills to work and looked closer at all the documents Charles had in his possession.<br />
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Robert Hankinson died by November 3, 1788 and his Will was proved in Winton County Court. An <a href="http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:2867991&id=I04254" target="_blank">Inventory and Appraisal</a> of his estate was conducted on November 29th. This time, <b><span style="color: red;">24</span></b> enslaved people were found. The inventory also excluded children's names and provided net worth of the following:<br />
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<ul>
<li>2 Negroes <b>Stepney </b>& <b>Bess </b>his wife 100</li>
<li>2 Do. <b>Simon </b>& <b>George </b>155</li>
<li>2 Do. <b>Tom </b>& <b>Old Seasor</b> 97</li>
<li><b>Dol</b> a wench, <b>Sib </b>& 3 children 190</li>
<li><b>Lewis</b>, his wife <b>Sarah</b> & 2 children 175</li>
<li><b>Jack</b>, a fellow, <b>Doctor</b>, a fellow 130</li>
<li><b>Sarah </b>& 4 children 160</li>
<li><b>Tom </b>& his wife <b>Mary </b>100</li>
</ul>
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When a side-by-side comparison of the Will to the Inventory is made, the following assessment was determined:<br />
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<ul>
<li><b>Robert Hankinson</b> kept family groups together when he distributed assets to his children.</li>
<li><b>Old George</b> died between July and November 1788.</li>
<li><b>Stepney </b>was married to <b>Bess</b>. </li>
<li><b>Lewis </b>and his wife <b>Sarah </b>had 2 children named <b>Lide </b>(<b><i>Lydia</i></b>) and <b>Mourning</b>.</li>
<li><b>George </b>(<b><i>Young George</i></b>) and his wife <b>Sib </b>(<i>formerly <b>Sybe </b>and short for <b>Sabina</b></i>) had 3 children named <b>March</b>, <b>Molly </b>and <b>Lucke </b>(<i>short for <b>Lucy</b></i>).</li>
<li><b>Tom </b>(<i>formerly <b>Tome</b></i>) was married to <b>Mary</b>.</li>
<li><b>Old Seasor</b> (<i>formerly <b>Old Sasar</b></i>) was short for <b>Caesar</b>.</li>
<li><b>Tom </b>(<i>with <b>Old Seasor</b></i>) was probably <b>Jim the Blacksmith</b>.</li>
<li><b>Jack</b> (<i>a fellow</i>) was <b>Jeck</b>.</li>
<li><b>Dol </b>(<i><b>Doll </b>or <b>Dolly</b>, a wench</i>) was probably <b>Dotty</b>.</li>
<li><b>Doctor </b>(<i>a fellow</i>) was probably known as <b>Jammy </b>(<i>short for <b>James</b></i>).</li>
<li><b>Simon </b>(<i>formerly <b>Simmon</b></i>) and his wife <b>Sarah </b>had 4 children named <b>Butler</b>, <b>Hepney </b>(<i>or </i><b><i>Stepney</i></b>), <b>Diana </b>and <b>Hannah</b>.</li>
</ul>
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<b><span style="color: blue;">So now I know that Simon was married to Sarah, making her my 4x great-grandmother! </span></b><br />
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In the Hankinson inventory, infants and children were each valued at <span style="color: red;">$20</span> U.S. Colonial Currency (<i>pictured above</i>). Each wench and fellow was worth <span style="color: red;">$65</span>. I know from doing research that terms like fellow and wench refer to teenagers (<i>not always but for the most part</i>). Adult males in their prime, skilled tradesmen and women of child-bearing age were worth between <span style="color: red;">$75</span> and <span style="color: red;">$80</span> respectively. Older men and women were valued at <span style="color: red;">$50</span> each. The elderly were classified at little (<span style="color: red;"><i>$17</i></span>) or no value. The value of <span style="color: red;">$1</span> in 1790 is equivalent to <span style="color: red;">$22.75</span> in 2016. The family of Simon and Sarah (<i>assuming Simon was valued at <span style="color: red;">$80 </span>or<span style="color: red;"> 130 </span>British Pounds</i>) including children were valued at <span style="color: red;">$240</span> in 1788. That amount is equivalent to <span style="color: red;">$5,460</span> in 2016.<br />
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After reviewing more of Charles' documents, the following information was found:<br />
On <a href="http://wc.rootsweb.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/igm.cgi?op=GET&db=:2867991&id=I04254" target="_blank">March 9, 1783</a> William Patterson of Georgia sold 2 Negroes, James and Mary, to Robert Hankinson. James was probably Jammy and Mary was the wife of Tom.<br />
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No further documents were found on Simon and Sarah's parentage.<span style="color: blue; font-weight: bold;"> </span>It does seem likely that Sarah was the daughter of <b>Stepney</b> and <b>Bess</b> since one of her sons was named Hepney/Stepney. <b>Old Sasar </b>(<b><i>Caesar</i></b>) might have been the father of Simon. I have yet to prove these theories but I will in a later blog.<br />
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So what happened to Simon and Sarah's family? True to his word, Simon, his wife and 4 children were sent to Richard Hankinson after his father died. Richard died in Barnwell and an inventory of his estate was taken in 1828.<br />
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How does it all fit together? In my last blog, I posted this inventory. Now here is the update:<br />
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<ul>
<li><b>Simmon </b>(<i><b>Simon</b></i>) was known as <b>Old Simon</b> and valued at <span style="color: red;">$25</span>. Simon died around 1840.</li>
<li><b>Sarah</b> had probably died by the time of this appraisal.</li>
<li><b>Butler</b> was valued at <span style="color: red;">$500</span>. (<i>Butler was a popular name among the family. I blogged about another one as the son of Abram and Patty</i>).</li>
<li><b>Hepney</b> (<b><i>Stepney</i></b>) had probably died or been sold away by the time of this appraisal.</li>
<li><b>Diana</b> had four children named <b>Maria</b>, <b>Sarah</b>, <b>Harrington</b> and <b>Jesse</b>. They were valued at <span style="color: red;">$1,500 </span>in total. Jessy (<i>Jesse</i>) Hankinson was found in the 1870 Barnwell, SC census.</li>
<li><b>Hannah </b>had seven children named <b>Moses</b>, <b>Aaron</b>, <b>Rhoda</b>, <b>Sarah</b>, <b>Israel</b>, <b>Stephen </b>and <b>Harry</b>. They were valued at <span style="color: red;">$1,800</span> in total. Hannah was married to <b>Old Peter </b>was probably the mother of <b>Young Peter</b>. Peter, Hannah and the children would be transferred to John Haynes, a neighbor of the Hankinsons, as mentioned in his 1830 will. Peter Hankinson b. 1818 (<i>formerly Young Peter)</i> the 1870 Barnwell and 1880 Aiken, SC censuses. Israel Hankinson b. 1824 was found in the 1900 Barnwell, SC census.</li>
<li><b>Elsey</b> was probably the wife of Butler. Their children include <b>John,</b> <b>Butler</b>, <b>Joe</b>, <b>Phoebe </b>and <b>Lynda</b>. Elsey and her children were valued at <span style="color: red;">$1,200</span>.</li>
<li><b>Polly </b>was mentioned as a child of Old Simon and Sarah that was born in 1800. Polly's children include <b>Stephen</b>, <b>Doctor</b>, <b>Patsey </b>and <b>Will</b>. Perhaps Polly was the wife of <b>Doctor</b> mentioned in the will of Robert Hankinson? Another theory could be that Polly wasn't the actual child of the Hankinsons but was the wife of <b>Hepney</b> (<b><i>Stepney</i></b>) since the eldest son was named Stephen. Polly's daughter Patsey was actually <b>Tenah Hankinson</b> who married <b>Henry Floyd</b>. Polly and her children were valued at <span style="color: red;">$900</span>.</li>
<li><b>Simon</b> (<i><b>Simon Hankerson</b></i>) was known as <b>Young Simon</b> and valued at <span style="color: red;">$450</span>. He was the son of Old Simon and Sarah born in 1790. He was first married to Betty and later married to <b>Mary Floyd,</b> the sister of Henry Floyd. <b><span style="color: blue;">Simon and Betty were my 3x great-grandparents</span></b>.</li>
<li><b>Simon</b> (<i><b>Simon Hankinson Jr.</b></i>) was known as <b>Little Simon</b> and valued at <span style="color: red;">$450</span>. He was the son of Young Simon and Betty born in 1825. He died in Georgia. He is not to be confused with <b>Simon Hankerson Jr.</b>, the son of Simon Hankerson and Mary Floyd.</li>
<li><a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2015/12/the-hankerson-boysnancy-young-mysteries.html" target="_blank"><b>Betty </b>was the first wife of Young Simon</a>. She was the mother of Little Simon, <b>Jerry</b>, <b>Judy </b>and <b>Sarah</b>. Betty and the latter 3 children were valued at <span style="color: red;">$800</span>. She would have one more daughter named <b>Nancy</b>, my 2x great-grandmother. </li>
<li><b>Doll </b>(<i>formerly <b>Dotty</b></i>) had two children <b>Winna </b>and <b>Solomon</b>. Doll and her children were valued at <span style="color: red;">$500</span>. Winna would later marry Jesse, Diana's son. Their daughter was Esther McCreary. Solomon Hankinson b. 1825 was married to Minty b. 1815 in the 1880 Aiken, SC census. The couple named one of their daughters Dolly b. 1864.</li>
<li><b>Captain</b> was also another child of Old Simon and Sarah. He was valued at <span style="color: red;">$500</span>. Captain was married to <b>Sally</b>. Their children included <b>Josh</b>, <b>Solomon</b>, <b>Will </b>and <b>Rachel</b>. Sally and her children were valued at <span style="color: red;">$1,200</span>. Captain and Sally died before 1870 as stated in Rachel's <a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2015/12/the-hankerson-boysnancy-young-mysteries.html" target="_blank">Freedman's Bank Record</a>.</li>
</ul>
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The Hankinson/Hankerson family is quite large. There were more enslaved people in this inventory but it will take a while to decipher their relationship to me. Unfortunately the will of Richard Hankinson was not available for viewing. With both pieces of the puzzle, I could have had more insight into all these names.. Sometimes the key to break down brick walls lies in examining documents of neighbors and in-laws of the immediate family. In a perfect world you would have the right tools such as a will, an inventory, maiden names, bank records, death certificates, bills of sale and DNA test results full of cousins. Most of the time, you would get only several pieces of what you need. But do not give up hope, there is nothing like a good mystery and mysteries are made to be solved! Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com14tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-50842788782522706122015-12-17T19:21:00.003-08:002015-12-17T19:28:59.896-08:00The Hankerson Boys/Nancy Young Mysteries Part II<div style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: 12.8px;">
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<a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2015_11_01_archive.html" target="_blank">In my last blog post</a>, I proved through DNA that <b>Simon Hankerson Sr. </b>(1790-1879) was the father of my 2x great grandmother, <b>Nancy Young</b> (1830-1870). Simon married twice and the name of Nancy's mother was yet to be identified. I believe that I have now solved that mystery.<br />
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In an earlier blog, I shared that Nancy died young and during that time the record of her death shown above did not capture the names of her parents. I discovered a court case that mentioned Simon had 10 children with his 2nd wife <b>Mary Floyd</b> in Barnwell, SC. The court record stated Simon was a widower who married Mary in 1838. All ten children were identified. Nancy was not included in this list.<br />
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So who was Simon's first wife? Did she have any other children besides Nancy? My Hankerson DNA cousins all matched to Simon and Mary. The Hankerson family website created by one cousin supplied the name <b>"Missy I"</b> as a marker. This meant that he didn't know her real name but wanted to make sure she was recorded in the tree to be identified later. He also included the same name <b>"Missy II"</b> for Simon's mother, whose real name was unknown.<br />
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By careful examination of certain documents I can now honor my Missys with their proper names. The actual name Missy does not show up in any records for the slaveowners of the Hankerson family going back to the mid 1700s. Therefore my 1st task was to find out what names show up as common between my Young and Hankerson ancestors.<br />
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It was common practice to name your children after yourselves and your parents. That was partly the case with <b>Robert Young</b> <b>Sr</b> (1810-1885) and his first wife Nancy. Between 1860 Four Mile Township, Barnwell County, SC and 1870 St. Peter's Parish, Beaufort County, SC, I identified the following children:</div>
<ul>
<li><b style="font-size: 12.8px; font-weight: bold;">Robert Young Jr.</b><span style="font-size: 12.8px; font-weight: bold;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">(1845-1939)<b> </b>He married</span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"><b>Tena Grant</b></span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">and had at least 8 children. His death certificate only mentioned Nancy Young as mother.</span></li>
<li><b style="font-size: 12.8px; font-weight: bold;">Loreander Young</b><span style="font-size: 12.8px; font-weight: bold;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">(1847-) No record of her was found after 1860.</span></li>
<li><b style="font-size: 12.8px; font-weight: bold;">Josh Young</b><span style="font-size: 12.8px; font-weight: bold;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">(1852-) He married <b>Julia Wright </b>and had at least 4 children. He died prior to 1900.</span></li>
<li><b style="font-size: 12.8px; font-weight: bold;">Louisa Young</b><span style="font-size: 12.8px; font-weight: bold;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">(1856-) No record was found after 1880. She was named after her aunt</span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">Louisa </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">(1822-), the wife of</span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">Wiley Young</span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">(1818-).</span></li>
<li><b style="font-size: 12.8px; font-weight: bold;">Alfred Young</b><span style="font-size: 12.8px; font-weight: bold;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"><b>(</b>1860-1900) He was my great-grandfather. He was married to</span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"><b>Charity Malery</b></span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">(1856-1900). I wrote a blog post about them. They both died prior to 1910 with no death records.</span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> </span></li>
<li><b style="font-size: 12.8px; font-weight: bold;">Betty Young</b><span style="font-size: 12.8px; font-weight: bold;"> </span><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">(1865-) She might have been known as Nancy Young in later censuses.</span></li>
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Now that my DNA confirmed that Nancy was the daughter of Simon Hankerson, my 2nd task was to locate Nancy in any archived records. Simon and his father <b>Old Simon</b> were formerly enslaved to Robert Hankinson and his family of Winton (now Barnwell) County dating back to the late 1700s. In Robert's will he gave possession of Old Simon to his son Richard Hankinson. When Richard died in the mid 1820s, he distributed his slaves to his children. I needed to find Nancy between 1830 to 1850 in Barnwell. I found her name in the 1833 court record of Martha Hankinson, widow of Thomas Hankinson. Thomas was the son of Richard. Thomas left no will, however an inventory of 13 unnamed slaves was recorded. In 1833, Martha's court dispute, General Petition 21383319, identified all 13 enslaved persons.<br />
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In that list of 13, I found 2 that stood out:</div>
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<li><b style="font-size: 12.8px;">Nann (the record stated she was also known as Nancy)</b><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> no age was given. This is my Nancy Young.</span></li>
<li><b style="font-size: 12.8px;">Jerry </b><span style="font-size: 12.8px;">no age was given. Jerry was identified in the 1828 inventory of Richard Hankinson as the son of Betty.</span></li>
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<b style="font-size: 12.8px;">Betty Hankinson</b><span style="font-size: 12.8px;"> was an enslaved person in the household of the Hankinson family. Betty was also the name of Nancy's youngest child. Betty was identified in the 1828 inventory of Richard Hankinson. Betty's other children included two daughters named Judy and Sarah. </span><b style="font-size: 12.8px;">I believe Betty was my 3x great-grandmother.</b><br />
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The inventory of Richard Hankinson also included Old Simon, Young Simon and Little Simon. The inventory separated the negro men from the women with children. I found a <b>Simon Hankinson</b> (1825-1919) that lived in Burke, GA. His death certificate had no names of parents. This was Young Simon, Jerry and Nancy's brother.<br />
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<b>Sarah Hankinson</b>, daughter of Betty and Simon, could have been the same woman that was married to <b>Butler Hankerson</b>. Butler was the son of <b>Abram Hankerson</b> (1790-) and <b>Patty (Patsy) Bush-Hankerson</b> (1800-) as seen in the above census record and the Petition file. Butler and Sarah's children were <b>Abram Jr.</b> (1860-) and <b>Primus Hankerson</b> (1850-).<br />
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The petition and inventory also included <b>Rachel Hankinson</b> (1823-). Rachel filed a Freedman's Bank record #2594 in 1871. She mentioned that her first husband was York Young, father was <b>Captain Hankerson</b> and mother was <b>Sally Hankerson</b>. Rachel also had a sister named Nanny who only had 2 children named Ella Bush and Solomon Sapp. This was confirmed in the inventory as Sally with several children including Rachel. Captain was also named in the document. I am not sure if Captain was the son Old Simon. I do know that Richard Hankinson was a Captain in the Revolutionary War. Therefore it is likely that he had an enslaved person named Captain. I have never found data that York was a member of my Young family.<br />
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Lastly, the same inventory included <b>Polly Hankerson</b> (1800-). She was the mother of <b>Tena Floyd</b> (1818-), wife of <b>Henry Floyd</b>. Henry was the brother of Mary Floyd-Hankerson. Polly lived with the Floyd family in Four Mile, Barnwell, SC as seen in the above 1870 census record. Henry and Tena named a daughter Polly (1861-) after her grandmother.<br />
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What I find interesting is that most of these names repeat which gave me the identity of Missy I as Betty Hankinson, my 3x great grandmother. In order to knock down these brick walls, you need to be able to spot these names when they occur. In the next blog post I will reveal the name of Missy II within the Hankinson family records.</div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-75470635264326489472015-12-15T21:01:00.001-08:002015-12-15T21:23:00.641-08:00Fool Me Once...<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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Recently, I had the unfortunate experience of shutting down a lazy genealogist who "claimed" my historical information was theirs. That person does not show up on my cousins list in Ancestry or 23andMe. They also never bothered to identify which of my ancestors was their common relative. When I asked for confirmation, I received a vague response that proved to me that this person does not know what they are doing.<br />
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I have some very common surnames in my tree. When I first started doing family research, I made those same amateur genealogist mistakes such as claiming everyone with the same surname as "family" and adding a bunch of those incorrect people in my tree on Ancestry's website that remained public for years. A lot of people shared that information to their trees. My tree is still a "work in progress." I make new discoveries on a regular basis and blog about corrections to those past mistakes. Now that my tree is private, I have spent the last few years sending messages informing everyone that their tree has errors in it. On occasion, I get an email criticizing me for what I have done. A lot of those mistakes are still out there in the public tree area of Ancestry's website. To that end, I am sorry.<br />
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One of my major mistakes occurred when I "claimed" the Young/Demery family documented in the <a href="http://freeafricanamericans.com/" style="color: #1155cc;" target="_blank">freeafricanamericans.com</a> as my own. Several years ago, I tried to jump my brick wall by adding my known ancestors to their tree. Their SC Youngs were not in the same county as mine but I didn't care. I contacted a supposed Young/Demery descendant to find out more about the family. I sent money to this person to get a CD that allegedly contained data that wasn't included on the website. I never received this disk. After a few months, I googled this person and found his criminal record for being a drug addict as well as a hustler. From that moment, I learned my lesson to DO MY OWN RESEARCH and prove it with DNA and documentation. It must have been some very good crack he smoked that day with MY MONEY! Fool me once, shame on you, fool me twice, never again! </div>
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<span style="font-size: 12.8px;">The main reason I write this blog is not just to share my family stories but to help others by giving advice and directions on finding those lost relatives. I have assisted people in breaking down brick walls in their trees that were not related to me. I have no problem doing that but I don't have all the answers. I am no expert and I am still learning something new every day. I just don't want you to make the same mistakes I have made in my research.</span></div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-26704350716468642382015-11-22T21:51:00.000-08:002015-11-22T22:03:30.800-08:00The Hankerson Boys/Nancy Young Mysteries Part IDo any of you remember <i>The Hardy Boys/ Nancy Drew Mysteries</i>? It was about the adventures of a group of young teenage detectives. It was first a popular book series. Back in the late 70s, ABC produced a TV show for several seasons. It was one of my favorite shows. Yes, I am old but so are the mysteries I need to solve! Here is the introduction of the TV program for you nostalgia fans.<br />
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My 2x great-grandmother <b>Nancy Young </b>(1830-1870) had been a mystery to me. I wrote about her in my blog almost a year ago entitled <i><a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2015/01/who-was-nancy-young.html" target="_blank">Who Was Nancy Young?</a></i> All I had on her were one census and two vague death records that had her name on it. I couldn't figure out who were her parents. The paper trail had run cold.<br />
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Thanks to the recent upgrades on the <a href="http://www.ancestry.com/" target="_blank">AncestryDNA website</a>, I was able to confirm who was her father. Before I reveal his name, I wanted to share the steps it took to identify him. Hopefully it will be of some use to others who are having trouble kicking down that brick wall.<br />
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I first checked my member matches list and noticed that two of my 3rd cousins and four of my 4th-6th cousins all were in the same shared matches subgroup.<br />
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Unfortunately, four of them did not have accurate public member trees. In fact, only one 3rd cousin had a detailed tree with documented sources. She shared DNA with me at 99cM across 7 segments (extremely high) so I contacted her to confirm the relationship. I also asked her if she ever contacted the 5 other shared matches. She indeed confirmed that at least 3 of them were known blood relatives and we had a mutual Facebook friend that was part of the family. I contacted one 4th cousin and helped build his tree. We now had 4 out of 6 members that all shared the same information. The other two never responded to my inquiry. These two have 6 and 89 people in their trees. I can't help them if they don't want to communicate. They are not using the website to its fullest potential.<br />
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I checked the relationship between myself and my 3rd cousins. This means we may share the same great-great-great grandparents.<br />
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In my case, I share only one 3x great-grandparent with my DNA cousins. I am pleased to confirm that <b>Simon Hankerson</b> (1790-1879) was indeed the father of <b>Nancy Young</b>. This was great news because there was a lot of information about him online complied by his descendants. My new cousin and Facebook friend <b>Charles Hankerson</b> created a website dedicated to the <a href="http://www.genealogy.com/ftm/h/a/n/Charles-Hankerson-3/index.html" target="_blank">Hankerson family history</a>.<br />
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From this website I learned the following:<br />
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<li><b>Simon</b>, also known as old Simon or Simmon, (1760-1840) was an enslaved person mentioned in the <a href="http://www.genealogy.com/ftm/h/a/n/Charles-Hankerson-3/GENE1-0002.html" target="_blank">July 5, 1788 will of Robert Hankinson</a> on a plantation in <a href="https://south-carolina-streets.openalfa.com/streets/cracker-neck-road-aiken-county" target="_blank">Crackers Neck</a>, Winton County (Barnwell District), South Carolina. Robert Hankinson sold bushels of corn and herded cattle along with hogs. Twenty-four enslaved men and women were split between Robert's wife and their children when he died. <b>Simmon, Sarah, Butler, Stepney, Diana</b> and <b>Hannah</b> along with their future descendants became the property of Robert's son Richard Hankinson. This Simon was my 4x great-grandfather. I have yet to determine who was my 4x great-grandmother.</li>
<li><b>Simon Hankerson</b>, also known as young Simon or Simon Hankerson Sr., (1790-1879) was a former enslaved person mentioned in the wills of Richard Hankinson and his wife Ann Williams-Hankinson. Simon's first wife, my 3x great-grandmother, is unknown. In 1838, Simon married a free person of color, <b>Mary Floyd</b> (1815-1899), in order to gain his freedom. Once free, he took the surname Hankerson. </li>
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Imagine my surprise to find Simon and his family in the 1840 Barnwell, SC census (<span style="color: red;">circled in red</span>). Six houses down was the household of <b>Henry Floyd</b> (1804-), Mary Floyd-Hankerson's brother (<span style="color: blue;">circled in blue</span>). Henry, Mary and their brother <b>Allen</b> were the children of <b>Elizabeth Floyd </b>(a free mulatto) and <b>Jacob</b>, a slave of Raine Alexander also from Barnwell. Henry married <b>Tener Patsey Hankerson </b>(1815-). Tener was the daughter of <b>Abram</b> (1789-) and <b>Polly Hankerson</b> (1800-). Simon and Abram were very likely brothers, but it is too early to confirm that yet.<br />
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Simon and Mary Hankerson had 10 children together. These children were <b>Simon Hankerson Jr</b>. (1840-), <b>Henry Hankerson</b> (1843-), <b>Martha Hankerson-Boyd</b> (1844-), <b>Laura Hankerson-Davis</b> (1850-), <b>Mary Ann Hankerson-Griffin</b> (1851-1887), <b>John Hankerson</b> (1852-1915), <b>Calvin Hankerson</b> (1853-), <b>Albert Hankinson</b> (1856-), <b>Harriett Hankerson-Walker</b> (1859-) and <b>Louisiana Hankerson-Tutt</b> (1860-). My DNA cousins online descend from several of these children. In the 1860 Four Mile Township, Barnwell, SC census, the Hankersons (<span style="color: red;">circled in red</span>) lived six homes away from my 2x great-grandparents <b>Robert Young</b> (1810-1883) and <b>Nancy Hankerson-Young </b>(<span style="color: blue;">circled in blue</span>).<br />
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Simon lived the life of a farmer with his own land. He lived long enough to see the rest of his family freed after the Civil War. I found out that Simon had a will created on June 7, 1869 but it isn't available online. I will have to go find it in person. In fact, I NEED to go back to South Carolina and lock myself away in the records room. Simon died sometime in 1879 and was buried in Four Mile Township. Mary was also buried there. Where exactly is another mystery. This part of Barnwell was later changed to <a href="http://www.visitaikensc.com/index.php/history" target="_blank">Jackson, Aiken County</a>.<br />
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I always had a feeling the Young and Hankerson families were related but at the time I couldn't prove it with paperwork. As soon as my DNA test confirmed the relationship, I set out to find Nancy before 1840. Even with the help of the family website, I still need to do additional digging to uncover the mysteries of Nancy's lineage. The Hankerson family is very large and quite complex. I will split this blog into 3 posts so that it will be easier to follow along. In that time, I hope to uncover the identities of my 3x and 4x great-grandmothers.<br />
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Tune in next time to <i>The Hankerson Boys/Nancy Young Mysteries</i> and to all you DNA detectives out there - never give up searching for the truth!<br />
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com10tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-51011042679579718162015-10-07T12:57:00.000-07:002015-10-07T13:17:35.113-07:00Back in the Days When I Was YONGE (Part III)I remember when I received my first DNA results. I was so excited until I actually read the damn thing. I was shocked at the results. My Y-DNA <a href="http://www.eupedia.com/europe/Haplogroup_I1_Y-DNA.shtml" target="_blank">haplogroup is I1</a>, which means my paternal ancestors descend from men who migrated to Northern Europe at the end of the Ice Age.<br />
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I took two more DNA tests just to make sure. At least one of my paternal great grandfathers in my branch of Young/Yonge family was white. First, I had to find out who was my first mulatto Young ancestor. Once I found <b>David Yonge</b>, my 3x great-grandfather, everything else fell into place.<br />
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My last two blog posts have been about the Yonge family:<br />
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<li><a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2015/09/back-in-days-when-i-was-yonge-part-i.html" target="_blank">The first one was about David's wife and their children</a>. </li>
<li><a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2015/10/back-in-days-when-i-was-yonge-part-ii.html" target="_blank">The second one traced David's mother and her parents</a>.</li>
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There was one piece of the puzzle that I deliberately omitted in the last two blog posts. My 4x great-grandfather was a virtual unknown.<br />
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Based on my research I assumed the following:<br />
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<li>I was a member of the <a href="http://www.freeafricanamericans.com/" target="_blank">Young/Demery free persons of color</a> from VA/MD. Unfortunately, I was ripped off by one of their descendants who suckered me into purchasing one of their family CDs, which I never received! What a SCAM. I learned that "family ain't always family" lesson real quick! I didn't find a Demery in my cousins' list either.</li>
<li>I was related to Allen and Jesse Young, free mulattoes from GA in the <a href="http://www.ccharity.com/contents/various-census-transcriptions/free-african-american-families-georgia-1830/" target="_blank">1830 census</a>. This might still be the case if Flora, Judy or Cain had additional children. So far I haven't found any matches in my cousins' list that trace to either Allen or Jesse. </li>
<li>I was a descendant of the white Young/Yonge family of SC. I participated in the <a href="http://youngdna.tripod.com/" target="_blank">Young and Allied Surnames Y-DNA Project</a>. Most of them were of the R1b haplogroup. Only 18 of my 37 genetic markers matched to the members whose Young/Yonge ancestors were from England and Scotland.</li>
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Something didn't sit right with my spirit. Am I a Yonge/Young or what? Yes, because that is the name my ancestor David worked hard and paid for with his life. I am related to the Yonge family of Colleton County? Yes, just not directly as I had hoped.<br />
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In <a href="http://search.ancestry.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?indiv=1&db=WorldMarr_ga&h=442039&tid=&pid=&usePUB=true&rhSource=70453" target="_blank">1748</a>, Lydia Yonge-Hazzard, daughter of Robert Yonge, married Colonel Thomas Fuller (1727-1789). Thomas owned the Stono Plantation in <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uOZiy1GIKYgC&pg=PA8&lpg=PA8&dq=stono+plantation+st.+paul%27s+parish&source=bl&ots=P7lLcKoTyn&sig=hx65bJ6IqoWLHqHHJyelTBlJ0ig&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CDcQ6AEwBWoVChMIgdjUvpaxyAIVgT4-Ch0bIAWb#v=onepage&q=stono%20plantation%20st.%20paul's%20parish&f=false" target="_blank">St. Paul's Parish, Colleton County, SC</a>. On February 19, 1752 Francis Yonge Sr. presented a deed of gift to his sister Lydia Fuller for six Negroes including <b>Daphne</b>, her children <b>Stepney</b> and <b>Flora</b>, along with three girls Dorinda, Affey and Minna.<br />
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Lydia died on October 14, 1765. On September 7, 1766 Colonel Fuller married Elizabeth Miles. Elizabeth Fuller died young just like Lydia. In 1773, Thomas married Catherine Foley. In the meantime, Colonel Fuller took advantage of his female slaves. This included a young teenager named Flora, the house servant.<br />
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I know what you did and I know who you are <b>Thomas Fuller</b>. You are my 4x great-grandfather. I believe Catherine was not pleased with mulatto children running around her home. She had to raise several children of her own including the ones with Thomas' past wives. She probably demanded that Flora and her two sons, Cain and David, be returned to the Yonge family. That is why Flora and her family were found in the 1781 inventory of Francis Yonge Sr after he died. Thomas acquired Flora once again to be his servant until he died on March 3, 1789. Flora, circled in red, was included in his will but not granted the luxury of freedom.<br />
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I contacted my Fuller Y-DNA matches to confirm my ancestry. One in particular (4th to 6th cousin) was a descendant of <a href="http://www.screunion.com/the_fullers.htm" target="_blank">Ezekiel Fuller</a> (1675-1722). Ezekiel was the brother of William Fuller Jr. (1673-1731) who was Thomas Fuller's grandfather. Ezekiel and William were the sons of William Fuller Sr. (1609-1695) and Sarah Martiau Fuller.<br />
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William Fuller Sr., a native of England, was famous as a provisional Governor of Maryland who in 1654, repealed the <a href="http://www.christianity.com/church/church-history/timeline/1601-1700/maryland-toleration-act-11630122.html" target="_blank">Toleration Act</a>, which gave Catholics the right to practice their religion in the state. He was a Captain in the Army and Commander-In-Chief during the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Susquehannock" target="_blank">Susquehannock Indian Wars</a>. He was also responsible for bringing settlers to South Carolina. <br />
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I can now trace the Fuller family as far back as 1423. It always seems like when one story ends, a new chapter begins. I finally found the answers to questions that have been haunting me for 10 years. Another family secret that was buried has now been brought out into the light. Even though I have Fuller blood, I will still be Young forever!<br />
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-58374245834556014952015-10-03T19:43:00.001-07:002015-10-06T11:38:07.530-07:00Back in the Days When I Was YONGE (Part II)As usual, there is more to the story of the Yonge family than meets the eye. I started the blog with <b>David Yonge's </b>happy ending, with his wife and children as <a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2015/09/back-in-days-when-i-was-yonge-part-i.html" target="_blank">free persons of color</a>. There was a beginning too, with a parent and sibling in slavery.<br />
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I looked into the background of <b>William Simmons</b> of <a href="http://www.oldplaces.org/colleton/colhistory.html" target="_blank">St. Paul's Parish, Colleton County, SC</a>. He owned David's wife <b>Judy Yonge</b> and the kids. There were 100 enslaved people (no breakdowns) at his plantation in St. Paul's Parish during the 1810 census. William and his family actually lived in Charleston, SC. I thought I was going down her path at the time. Instead, it lead me right back to David.<br />
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On <a href="http://userdb.rootsweb.ancestry.com/marriages/cgi-bin/marriage.cgi?main_id=28612&database=Marriage%20Records&return_to=http://userdb.rootsweb.com/marriages/&submitter_id=" target="_blank">March 3, 1801</a> William Simmons married <b>Sarah Yonge</b>. Sarah was the daughter of <b>Francis Yonge Jr</b> and <b>Sarah</b> <b>Wilkinson</b>. Some of you may remember the blog post about my <a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2014/10/all-aboard-with-wilkinsons.html" target="_blank">African-American Wilkinson</a> relatives and the <a href="http://www.history.com/topics/black-history/great-migration" target="_blank">Great Migration</a>. Everything is connected somehow.<br />
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Francis Yonge Jr. (1755-1789) owned <a href="http://toogoodoo.awardspace.biz/" target="_blank">Toogoodoo Plantation</a> in St. Paul's Parish. He left a will in which David was mentioned as an enslaved person (not a child). I do not have an exact date of birth for David, so I can only estimate that David is a teenager in 1789. Yellow Judy and her children are mentioned as well. Was she my Judy? I don't think so. I do not know if Judy was part of a <a href="http://www2.archivists.org/publications/brochures/deeds-of-gift" target="_blank">Deed of Gift</a> from Sarah Wilkinson-Yonge to William Simmons. William's plantation was too large to trace.<br />
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Francis was the son of <b>Francis Yonge Sr.</b> (1730-1780) and his first wife <b>Sarah Clifford</b>. After Sarah died, Francis married <b>Susannah Peckham Johnson</b>. In his October 23, 1780 will, Francis left seven enslaved people including Joe, Tissey, Mary, Satira, Pitty, girl Judy and boy Anthony to Susannah. He left a girl Rachel to his daughter Sarah Samuels. This girl Judy might be my 3x great-grandmother but there isn't enough information to confirm that yet.</div>
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On January 10, 1781 Francis Jr took an inventory of his father's estate. There were more enslaved persons than what was recorded on the will. It also included relationships and children. On the 2nd page, I made another discovery! (<b><span style="color: red;">No those are NOT my fingers!</span></b>)</div>
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Circled in red are my 4x great-grandmother <b>Flora</b> and her two children <b>Cain</b> and <b>David</b>! Based upon this inventory, I can assume that Cain and David are between 5 and 10 years old. Flora and her 2 children were valued at <b><span style="color: blue;">125 British Pounds</span></b> (<span style="color: red;"><b>$284.33</b></span> in US dollars).<br />
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Whatever became of Cain? Unfortunately Cain did not get the opportunity to free himself like his brother David. Cain never lived long enough to enjoy freedom granted by the Emancipation Proclamation. I did find Cain's wife <b>Sylvia</b> and son <b>Cain Young Jr.</b> They lived in <a href="http://www.historicmapworks.com/Map/US/1593284/Christ+Church+Parish+++Charleston+District+1863/South+Carolina+State+Atlas+1825+Surveyed+1817+to+1821+aka+Mills's+Atlas/South+Carolina/" target="_blank">Christ Church Parish, Charleston</a> during the 1870 census. Cain Jr was married to<b> Clarinda Murrell</b> and had at least one child named <b>Sanders Young</b>. Sylvia was born in Africa.<br />
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Flora was a very resilient woman. She was born on Yonge's Island, South Carolina at Francis Yonge Sr.'s plantation. I estimate around 1750. From the <a href="http://www.archivesindex.sc.gov/" target="_blank">SC Archives</a>, I discovered a Deed of Gift dated February 19, 1752 from Francis to his sister <b>Lydia Fuller </b>with her name, her mother <b>Daphne </b>and brother<b> Stepney.</b><br />
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<b>Stepney</b> and wife <b>Phyllis</b> (circled in <span style="color: blue;">blue</span>) were also mentioned in the 1781 inventory of Francis Yonge Sr. Stepney and Phyllis were valued at <b><span style="color: blue;">100 British Pounds</span></b> (<span style="color: red;"><b>$227.47</b></span> in US dollars). I didn't find much about him or his family after Francis' death. Flora returned to the Fuller family as a house servant.<br />
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In 1870, I found Flora in Precinct 13, <a href="http://www.brazoria-county.com/" target="_blank">Brazoria County</a>, Texas with her great-grandson <b>Jacob Young</b>.<br />
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Jacob b. 1840 was the son of <b>Gabriel</b> and <b>Hannah Young</b>. The census reported that Flora was 100 years old. I now know she was about 120 years old. Jacob was recorded in the September 3, 1867 <a href="http://www.co.orange.tx.us/" target="_blank">Orange County, Texas</a> voter registration list. The list indicated that he lived in Texas for 12 months. Therefore, Jacob, his wife <b>Jennie</b>, son <b>Gabriel</b> and great-grandmother Flora traveled by wagon to Texas after the Civil War. I can only imagine how tough that trip was on their family especially on an elderly woman. She was a survivor. I hope her final days were comfortable based on what happened to her.<br />
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Lastly, who were my 5x great-grandparents? I mentioned Flora's mom Daphne briefly. <b>Daphne </b>and her husband <b>Pompey </b>were probably the original Africans that were brought into the United States from Angola. I would estimate they were born between 1715 to 1725. They were enslaved to <b>Christopher Wilkinson </b>(1667-1733) of St. Paul's Parish of Colleton County. Christopher arrived in the US around 1710-1711 and relocated to SC in the 1720s. The Wilkinsons were first neighbors and friends of the Yonge family. As I stated in the beginning of this story, Christopher's granddaughter Sarah Wilkinson married Francis Yonge Jr. in 1766. When Christopher died in 1733, <b>Robert Yonge</b> (father of Francis Yonge Sr.) was one of three men ordered by the Governor to divide his estate. The estate remained in dispute for years among his children. On March 6, 1745 Daphne and Pompey were among 19 Negroes mentioned in a lottery between the siblings <b>Edward</b> and <b>Elizabeth Wilkinson</b>.<br />
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Daphne would later be purchased by Francis Yonge Sr. but would reunite with Pompey in the February 3, 1762 estate inventory of <b>Francis Wilkinson</b> (another son of Christopher). Francis Yonge Sr was a witness who helped document the estate.<br />
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Documenting the Young branch of family has been one of the most challenging of my research. I have often went down the wrong path. It has taken me years to get to this point. I have had various pieces of the puzzle over time but could never make them fit until now. I am proud that I can follow the paper trail of my Young family for 300 years (1715-2015) even with the added challenge of slavery.<br />
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But Wait...<b><span style="color: red;">THERE'S MORE!</span></b><br />
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Part III The great DNA revelation!<br />
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-53975222122967174252015-09-28T15:40:00.003-07:002015-09-28T16:09:30.754-07:00Back In The Days When I Was YONGE (Part I)<span style="background-color: #444444; color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;">I didn't follow my own rules about deciphering <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_English" target="_blank"><b>Old English</b></a> penmanship up until a few months ago. It's the little things that really matter. I only knew my family surname was spelled <i>YOUNG</i>. It really didn't dawn on me that we were known as <i>YONGE</i> 200 years ago. I learned that from a book.</span><br />
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<span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;">A few </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;">months ago</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;">, I found an passage in the book </span><i style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><a href="http://www.amazon.com/Black-Slaveowners-Masters-Carolina-1790-1860-ebook/dp/B0030EFYIQ" target="_blank"><b>Black Slaveowners: Free Black Slave Masters in South Carolina, 1790 - 1860</b></a></i><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;"> by Larry Koger where William Simmons sold <b>David Yonge</b>, a free person of color, his wife <b>Judy</b> and son Frank for $1 each. I had recognized Frank as <b>Frank </b>(sometimes known as<b> Francis</b>)<b> Young</b> in the 1860 census as a free person of color. In addition, he lived near his brothers in Barnwell, SC.</span></span></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #444444;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="color: #141823; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span><span style="color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><span style="line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;">I was so excited when I found this information and wrote about it in my blog "<a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2015_03_01_archive.html" target="_blank"><b>To be YOUNG and free</b></a>." I knew that David and Judy were my 3x great-grandparents but that was by heart. I needed to prove it. </span></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;">Recently, <a href="http://ancestry.com/"><b>ancestry.com</b></a> released wills and probate records into their database. I found a lot of great information that will help expand my tree even further. Sometimes it is not straight forward as I had hoped. </span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>That's why you do not rely on just ONE source!</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;"> I went to other research websites such as <a href="http://fold3.com/"><b>fold3.com</b></a> and the <a href="http://www.archivesindex.sc.gov/" target="_blank"><b>SC archives database</b></a>. I discovered a goldmine. Using all those resources, I was able to go back several generations to the early 1700s.</span></span></span><br />
<span style="background-color: #444444;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="color: white;">On Fold3.com, I found copies of the actual bills of sale from William Simmons to David Yonge. On July 25, 1814, David purchased his son Frank for an honorary sum of </span><b><span style="color: red;">$1</span></b><span style="color: white;">. If the census records are correct, Frank would have been 10 years old by this date. </span></span></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #444444;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;">On December 6, 1815, David purchased his wife Judy for an honorary sum of </span><span style="color: red; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>$1</b></span><span style="color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;">.The letter also states this would include all her future issue (i.e. children).</span><span style="color: #141823; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;"> </span></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #444444;"><span style="color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;">I found a third bill of sale which was not mentioned in the book. This time, William's generosity had run out. On June 20, 1816, David purchased his sons Bob and <b>Gabriel</b> for </span><span style="color: red; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><b>$600</b></span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;"><span style="color: white;">. In 2014, this purchase would have cost David </span><b><span style="color: red;">$8,235</span></b><span style="color: white;">. But guess WHAT! </span><i style="color: white;">Bob</i><span style="color: white;"> is short for </span><i style="color: white;">Robert</i><span style="color: white;">! This is my 2x great-grandfather </span><b style="color: white;">Robert Young</b><span style="color: white;">! Census records were off by at least 10 years for both brothers. I am assuming Gabriel was born in 1806 and Robert in 1810.</span><span style="color: #141823;"> </span></span></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #444444; color: white;"><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;">William Simmons lived in <a href="http://www.oldplaces.org/colleton/colhistory.html" target="_blank"><b>St. Paul's Parish, Colleton County, SC</b></a>. I consider this area one of my ancestral birth places since most of David and Judy's children were born there. Another son was</span><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;"> confirmed as </span><b style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;">Wiley Young</b><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;">. He was born after 1816. There might be at least three daughters that I have not confirmed yet. I have to test those theories against my DNA if I can find a match in my list of cousins.</span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;">Where did David get the money to purchase his family? In the<b> <a href="http://www.sciway.net/hist/chicora/freepersons-2.html" target="_blank">Journal of Negro History</a></b>, occupations of free persons of color in the early 19th century included such trades as barbering, carpentry, tailors, butchers and shoemakers. In the 1860 census, Frank and Gabriel both indicated that they were carpenters. Therefore, it is likely they learned that trade from their father. David probably earned enough money through that skill to purchase his own freedom. One thing I didn't find were manumissions. I may not understand all of the circumstances for keeping the family as slaves after purchasing them but I do applaud him for keeping the family together. All 4 sons were found in the 1860 census as free persons of color. As a black slave owner, David might have freed his family upon his death. I haven't found any records confirming this yet.</span></span><br />
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<span style="background-color: #444444; color: white; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; line-height: 17.94px; white-space: pre-wrap;">What I did confirm is too much for one blog post. That's why I am splitting it up into three parts. Who would have thought that one small paragraph in an obscure book published in 1985 would have such an impact on my life 30 years later? I hope that Mr. Koger is still around so I can let him know how much his work means to me and that I was able to expand on it. The Yonges are alive and well! </span></div>
<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-59970488605099495842015-09-14T22:48:00.002-07:002015-09-15T09:09:19.167-07:00This was Dorcas' Last WishI told my mother the other day that I found the Last Will and Testament of <b>Dorcas Livingston</b>, her great-grandmother. I was excited but I could tell she wasn't too thrilled. Old wounds started to flare up. This discussion is a touchy subject for my mother because of how her grandparents and real father <a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2014_05_01_archive.html" target="_blank">mistreated her family</a> all those years ago. As the family historian, I have the luxury of hindsight. I know what broke the family apart. I know why many names were lost over time. I also know why no one wants to go back there anymore.<br />
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I cannot write the wrongs done to my family over time, but the least I can do is bridge the gaps in family history. My job is to reclaim lost branches by identifying the past members of my ever growing family tree and sharing it with everyone. Maybe one day it will bring us all back together.<br />
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A debate has been going on about Dorcas for years. We barely knew anything about her. How many children did she and her husband really have? Who were her parents? A lot of history has been lost over time. Luckily most of the family is buried at <a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2013/12/mount-zion-baptist-church-in-cope-sc.html" target="_blank">Mt. Zion Church cemetery</a>. Dorcas didn't have a headstone when she died in 1913. In the early 90s, the descendants took a collection and purchased a new headstone for her. Although they spelled her first name wrong (as Darkis) I do appreciate the effort. I recommend to everyone if you discover an unmarked grave of your ancestor, <span style="color: red;"><b>PLEASE</b></span> purchase a headstone for them. It is something we should all do before these plots get lost over time.<br />
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Let's revisit my favorite place, Liberty Township, Orangeburg County, SC during the 1880 census. As usual, this is the only decade I have of my family's existence in the 1800s. I have more confidence in my research abilities now so this fact can't upset me anymore!<br />
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Here we have 6 kids including a set of twins, Adaline and Emeline (remember that name for later!). Afterwards, I knew of 2 more children, my great-grandfather <b>William Livingston Sr.</b> and <b>George Livingston</b>. Were there more than 8 children? I had no information to prove it.<br />
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George died of a stroke (apoplexy) in 1946 while traveling on a horse-drawn wagon to Cope, Orangeburg. My uncle <b>Melvin Livingston</b> was about 8 years old and the only one with him when he died. It was traumatic for a young boy to watch someone die in front of him. I can only imagine him as he ran back home 3 miles to tell his mom and the rest of the family that he was dead. Uncle Melvin was so spooked that he would never ride that horse again.<br />
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William provided their mother's maiden name as <b>Dorcas Williams</b>. I was never able to find her in the 1900 or 1910 census records. Her headstone at Mt. Hope cemetery only read that she died in 1913. That was all I knew of her until 2 weeks ago when I found her Last Will and Testament on the <a href="http://www.familysearch.org/" target="_blank"><i>FamilySearch.org</i> website</a>. It was in the Charleston Probate Court Records! If I kept looking for Orangeburg Court Records I would have never found it.<br />
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This Will, dated <i>March 18, 1908</i>, provided a lot of clues into my family. I didn't know that she (or her husband Jace) owned land. It was her wish that the land and all property be split among her children. This document provided me with the answers I have been looking for. The children mentioned in the will included:<br />
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<li><b>Doctor Livingston</b> - given 2 acres of land adjoining siblings</li>
<li><b>Wesley Livingston</b> - given 2 acres of land adjoining siblings</li>
<li><b>Mamie Livingston</b> - given 1 acre of land adjoining siblings</li>
<li><b>Anna Livingston</b> - given 1 acre of land adjoining siblings </li>
<li><b>William Livingston Sr.</b> - executor and given an equal share of remaining land</li>
<li><b>Johnson Livingston</b> - granted personal property and given an equal share of remaining land </li>
<li><b>George Livingston</b> - granted personal property and given an equal share of remaining land</li>
<li><b>Adaline Curry</b> - granted $1 </li>
<li><b>Emaline Jenkins</b> - granted $1</li>
<li><b>Nette (Neetsy) Evans</b> - granted $1</li>
<li><b><a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2014/10/all-aboard-with-wilkinsons.html" target="_blank">Samuel Livingston</a></b> - granted $1</li>
<li><b><a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2014/09/back-to-school-with-livingstons.html" target="_blank">Grant Livingston</a></b> - granted $1</li>
<li><b>Doctor Livingston</b> - granted $1</li>
<li><b>Hattie Livingston</b> - granted $1</li>
<li><b>Cornelia Jones</b> - granted $1</li>
</ul>
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Jace and Dorcas (my 2x great-grandparents) had at least 15 children. It was a pleasant surprise to know that all of their known children survived between 1870 to 1906. I was also able to trace some of the kids and their descendants. Some of which I already blogged about that you can read in the links throughout this article. It's good to know the family name won't die out anytime soon.<br />
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I located my great-granduncle Johnson's WWI draft documents. He was 21 when he reported to the Army at Camp Jackson (<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort_Jackson_(South_Carolina)" target="_blank">Fort Jackson in Columbia</a>) in 1918. This means he was born in 1896. Now I have an estimated 10 year window (1896-1906) of when his father Jace died. Johnson returned home from WWI with PTSD. He was confined to the asylum for a few years before he died.<br />
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One thing I did discover was that on Emaline's 1920 death certificate, her father was called <b>J. S. Livingston</b>. That was new to me. I thought his name was Jace all along. Could J. S. stand for JohnSon or John Samuel? When they called him Jace were they really saying Jase or J. S. all along? Another mystery to keep me up at night.<br />
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I also figured out who Dorcas' parents were. <b>Morris</b> and <b>Frances Williams</b> (my 3x great-grandparents) lived near their daughter in the 1880 census. Next door to them was <b>Emaline Jennings</b>, Dorcas' maternal grandmother (my 4x great-grandmother). Now I know where the name Emaline comes from! They were literally 3 houses away (on another page) and I didn't put it together until now. I hope to discover more about them in the near future and blog about it!<br />
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As Executor of the Estate, William returned to the probate judge 5 years later and documented his mother's death as <i>May 24, 1913</i>. All of Dorcas' debts were paid soon afterwards. Based on inflation, each of the older siblings that received <span style="color: lime;">$1</span> in 1913 would have been given <span style="color: lime;">$24.11</span> in 2015. It may not seem like much now but the dollar went a long way before the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Depression" target="_blank">Great Depression</a>. The real value is in the land. It was not specified on how much remaining land was split between the 3 siblings, however in 1961, my grandfather <b>William Livingston Jr.</b>, was given 3 acres by his mother <b><a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2014/11/you-are-great-great-grandfather-mystery.html" target="_blank">Maude Easterling-Livingston</a></b>. We still have the land in our family to this day in the area known as Cope Town. Years ago my mother had to fight to get half of that land that she rightfully deserved. In fact, my mom passed her share to me a few years back. She knows it is in good hands. I am gladly keeping it in the family to honor the sacrifices made by my ancestors.<br />
<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com31tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-4457750558081143002015-08-22T21:10:00.000-07:002015-08-22T21:31:32.654-07:00Seeing the Patterns in the Gibson, Graves and Tyler FamiliesWhenever a brick wall forms I look outside the box. I use all my resources and look for patterns. These patterns may be subtle but its a starting point for my theory. I test each theory out and if it doesn't work, I go back and test another. So far this is what works for me.<br />
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A few months ago I discovered an error in the Gibson family tree and I decided on revisiting that branch. My 2x great-grandfather <b>Daniel Gibson</b> (1825-1917) was the primary focus.<br />
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I have his death certificate from Orangeburg that had an actual birth date of March 25, 1825. I found that to be rare during that time period for African-Americans. This death certificate had the names of his parents, Daniel and Mariah on it. What is interesting is that my great-grandfather <b>Moses Gibson</b> b. 1879 was named the undertaker. I guess he took responsibility for burying his father at Macedonia Church cemetery. Moses was the youngest male son of Daniel and his 2nd wife <a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2015/08/re-growing-once-lost-branch-judie.html" target="_blank">Judy Salley.</a> Moses was the only son I found living in Orangeburg during the early 1900s. He probably took care of his father till his death.<br />
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So you would think everything is fine and perfect in the Gibson family tree, right? Well something is WRONG.<br />
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I found the death certificate of Daniel's eldest daughter, Ellen Gibson-Hampton. She lived next door to Daniel in Union, Orangeburg when the census was taken in 1880.<br />
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Her 1927 death certificate also stated that her parents were Daniel and Maria Gibson. They cannot be the same people! There is a 28 year age difference between births. I seriously doubt if she was Daniel's sister. Unfortunately the 1870 census completely missed this part of Orangeburg again (Why must you make it so difficult for me census-takers?).<br />
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So now I had to think outside the box to get answers. Perhaps Daniel was not born in Orangeburg? Was he a Gibson?<br />
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I went to the 1860 census and noticed a pattern.<br />
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In the 1860 Slave Schedule for St. James Goose Creek, Charleston, SC the name Moses Gibson came up. Moses Gibson owned one 35 year old male enslaved person. Could this be my Daniel? The age is exact to 1825. Did Daniel name his youngest son after a former slaveowner? It seems very likely. Moses Gibson was employed as the Overseer to BrickHope plantation for Charles W. Graves. I am also a Graves! Moses must have purchased Daniel from the Graves family.<br />
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This is where St. James Goose Creek is on the map. Orangeburg is northwest of Charleston.<br />
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BrickHope plantation is now a housing development. The land where my ancestors lived, worked and died. I bet the current residents have no idea about its history.<br />
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So I left the census records and dug into the <a href="http://www.archivesindex.sc.gov/onlinearchives/Search.aspx?br=1" target="_blank">SC archives</a>. Charles W. Graves was the grandson of Charles Graves and Ann Toomer. When Charles Graves died in 1840, he left his plantation to his two grandsons Charles W. and A. Duncan Graves. On April 6, 1847 the Graves brothers purchased tools, furniture and 73 slaves from the estate of their grandfather.<br />
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The highlighted names include Daniel (my 2x great-grandfather), Mary (quite possibly Maria his mother or Maria II his first wife), and Tenah. Tenah is my 3x great-grandmother <b>Teener Graves</b>.<br />
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Teener b. 1830 was the wife of <b>David Graves </b>b. 1830. Dave and Teener settled in Willow, Orangeburg after the Civil War and raised six children named Lewezer, Chloe, Dave Jr., Jerry, Betty and Cornelius. <b>Lewezer Graves</b> b. 1868 is my 2x great-grandmother. Thanks to all the census taker misspellings, I completely overlooked that Teener is actually Tenah/Tina and Lewezer is actually Louisa.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeODSM43uVmXackIainkoboP1oGq5jrMCAttzbzwgSJAgz87HJhXW_Xwnbu6hyphenhyphenI30mh8v9MFdDQlWuz_4INYXUui5hg0aj3IK8UqnzxltOevOKQccTqaFlOtzrf_XlSiU835pVvOmLAhQ/s1600/DaveGraves+1880+census.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="320" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgeODSM43uVmXackIainkoboP1oGq5jrMCAttzbzwgSJAgz87HJhXW_Xwnbu6hyphenhyphenI30mh8v9MFdDQlWuz_4INYXUui5hg0aj3IK8UqnzxltOevOKQccTqaFlOtzrf_XlSiU835pVvOmLAhQ/s320/DaveGraves+1880+census.jpg" width="288" /></a></div>
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In 1891 Louisa married my 2x-great-grandfather <b>William Landy Tyler</b> b. 1861 in Orangeburg. They had 12 children including Jerry Tyler (named after his uncle Jerry Graves) and my great-grandmother <b>Tenell Tyler </b>b. 1891. Tenell was the 2nd wife of my great-grandfather <b>Moses Gibson</b>.<br />
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So now we have come full circle. By noticing common names passed through several generations, I was able to piece together the relationships in 3 branches of my family tree without the help of the 1870 census. I confirmed that Daniel was first a Graves before he was a Gibson. Hopefully I will be able to confirm Daniel's parents one day.<br />
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-87311135288919402722015-08-02T14:42:00.003-07:002015-08-02T14:42:24.999-07:00Re-Growing A Once Lost Branch - Judie Gibson's Family My mother has the green thumb in our family. She has a knack for growing vegetables and plants. From her, I must have acquired a skill for re-growing lost family branches.<br />
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Recently, I told the <a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2015/06/my-great-great-grandma-has-4-last-names.html" target="_blank">story of my great-great grandmother</a> <b>Judie Gibson</b> and the multiple maiden names I found for her on several of her children's death certificates. I initially thought she was the daughter of a Walker as stated on my great-grandfather <b>Moses Gibson Sr.'s </b>death record. After reviewing death certificates of Moses' sisters and analyzing my DNA matches, I have confirmed that Judie's maiden name was <b>SALLEY</b>.<br />
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I have one 3rd to 6th African-American cousin with a common Salley surname on 23andMe.com that has yet to respond. I also found 3 matches to Salley ancestors from Orangeburg in my DNA cousins list on AncestryDNA.com. I have a match to a 4th to 6th African-American cousin named <i>Moaddar</i> who is a direct descendant of Garvin Salley. This is where <a href="https://twitter.com/captainobvious" target="_blank">Captain Obvious</a> swoops in and opens my eyes. In the 1880 Union Township, Orangeburg, SC census Garvin Salley b. 1846, his wife Rachel Salley, children and his mother (circled in <span style="color: lime;">green</span>) were next door neighbors of Daniel Gibson, his wife Judie and their children (circled in <span style="color: red;">red</span>). RIGHT NEXT DOOR! How blind could I be?<br />
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<i>Moaddar</i> and I share the same 3X great-grandmother <b>Lydia (Liddie) Salley</b>. I also found the 1918 death certificate of Logan Salley b. 1860 who was the son of <b>Dennis</b> and <b>Lydia Salley</b> from Orangeburg. Logan was Garvin and Judie's brother.<br />
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I found a Judie Gibson (misspelled Julie) in Macon, Alabama during the 1910 census. This Judie was a mulatto born in SC with two children, Ernest and Jemima Walker! Judie had six living children.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJa4cEACieez5hUufNii7kzUKiIdA3zQUX9CxxJ78gZvBYbXoXfF-Iqugb93RVbAP8z8zWbUIOQgcsA4jzsXh_JHshzSV1gMG5C3FlnbwXulN5A5Nci0Jt5xW1xISMJkE4ui-wSLNkrUo/s1600/Judie+Gibson+Alabama.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="47" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjJa4cEACieez5hUufNii7kzUKiIdA3zQUX9CxxJ78gZvBYbXoXfF-Iqugb93RVbAP8z8zWbUIOQgcsA4jzsXh_JHshzSV1gMG5C3FlnbwXulN5A5Nci0Jt5xW1xISMJkE4ui-wSLNkrUo/s320/Judie+Gibson+Alabama.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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That meant that my Judie left her husband and children for another man. She never divorced Daniel Gibson. There was a huge age difference (20 years) between them. Could he have been abusive? Did she feel trapped in a loveless marriage? Or was she seduced away? Those answers will remain lost in time unless I find some Gibson relatives that might know what really happened.<br />
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Judie had at least 2 children (Ernest and Jemima Walker) out of wedlock with someone who died before 1910. That man might have been Daniel Walker that lived near her in 1880 (circled in <span style="color: blue;">blue</span>). As confirmed on their death certificates, the other 4 children of Judie were Martha Gibson-Cleckley, <b>Moses Gibson Sr. </b>(my great-grandfather), LouAnna Gibson-Huggins and Florence Gibson-Minnegan.<br />
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Daniel Gibson must have been married before. Daniel Gibson Jr., Henry Gibson, William Gibson, Ellen Gibson-Shields and JoAnna Gibson-Salley were the children of Maria Gibson. When Judie left, I guess the elder children raised their younger siblings. Finding out what Maria's maiden name was is a task for another day.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCucvmDcV8s_4gaL1Btz_EZW39u_w4LUYYLp4HD26wgni7kxEgk4ILN4Bp6bnrrkwUMi_svljlvQLjNmU8kXaclmOE_9fSvLu41A4pmgxMMlt7xgSeii9ZAZyur2IAf8dV-66UA4hb26I/s1600/salley.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgCucvmDcV8s_4gaL1Btz_EZW39u_w4LUYYLp4HD26wgni7kxEgk4ILN4Bp6bnrrkwUMi_svljlvQLjNmU8kXaclmOE_9fSvLu41A4pmgxMMlt7xgSeii9ZAZyur2IAf8dV-66UA4hb26I/s1600/salley.jpg" /></a></div>
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Now here is where the Salley DNA reveals what I feared. I also match to two DNA cousins whose mutual ancestor was <b>Henry Salley Sr.</b> (1690-1765) of Orangeburg. Henry was originally from Basel, Switzerland. The town of<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salley_Historic_District" target="_blank"> Salley in Aiken, SC</a> was named after this family. The home of the world famous <i>Chitlin Strut</i>!! I don't even WANT to see that! LOL<br />
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That means Judie was a mulatto. Was Dennis Salley white or mulatto? I haven't found a trace of him yet. There is the strong possibility that Lydia was raped by a member of the slave-owner's household. Famed historian Alexander S. Salley Jr. wrote about <i>"Plantation Mistresses"</i> jn his book, <i><a href="http://www.amazon.com/History-Orangeburg-County-South-Carolina/dp/1294687204/ref=la_B00IV4PWW8_1_4?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1438233801&sr=1-4" target="_blank">The History of Orangeburg County</a></i>, but never mentioned any by name that his family secretly were involved with.<br />
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I found the name Garvin Salley to be unique so I started digging some more.<br />
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On November 5, 1792 Patrick Shea registered 1,000 acres of land in Orangeburg adjoining land on Holmes Camp Branch owned by Robert Garvin Sr. (1766-1836) and <a href="http://www.wikitree.com/photo/png/Salley-192" target="_blank">John Salley</a> (1740-1794).<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKNz5mmAkcvWm6uT1pWZYpsaFxmBoLjcn7krOIZVW0yS6h2j62vMVzs6RYjnUUF6MgAIMkVk8X7YAEBqtHygYAM7m-EWyp74pPlL2YE2heGJrvFEJLi-AH7_CetMNAZl9OWevfo0h0uvY/s1600/Garvin+-+Salley+link2.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="101" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgKNz5mmAkcvWm6uT1pWZYpsaFxmBoLjcn7krOIZVW0yS6h2j62vMVzs6RYjnUUF6MgAIMkVk8X7YAEBqtHygYAM7m-EWyp74pPlL2YE2heGJrvFEJLi-AH7_CetMNAZl9OWevfo0h0uvY/s320/Garvin+-+Salley+link2.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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Therefore the early Garvin and Salley families were neighbors. The Garvins came from Belfast, Ireland to Charles Town, SC around 1780. I have one DNA cousin that is a 5th to 8th generation match with the Garvin family. Her ancestor was James Garvin (1791-1878) from Orangeburg. She didn't provide any Salley connections in her tree. Unfortunately, I cannot determine if the families married into each other prior to 1845.<br />
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On March 25, 1853 John A. Salley registered 30 acres of land in Orangeburg along the South Edisto River that was surveyed by Robert Garvin, Jr.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEip9hBTn9bHW2TP9iQDYUxw7g-ZTZEU5bRJP7DSqoq_JIJ5LNfumJbM714rzzZ0ukN3fmv88q4ap_RJj5nQzBR9wV2rLxZLxPXIGluZ-S0zcnIxfbp7HUty8HGHEJF-m12F_bxgG96BIQE/s1600/Garvin+-+Salley+link.JPG" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="98" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEip9hBTn9bHW2TP9iQDYUxw7g-ZTZEU5bRJP7DSqoq_JIJ5LNfumJbM714rzzZ0ukN3fmv88q4ap_RJj5nQzBR9wV2rLxZLxPXIGluZ-S0zcnIxfbp7HUty8HGHEJF-m12F_bxgG96BIQE/s320/Garvin+-+Salley+link.JPG" width="320" /></a></div>
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Then I checked the <a href="http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.ancestry.com/~ajac/scorangeburg.htm" target="_blank">1860 Orangeburg census</a> Slave Schedules for the Garvin and Salley surnames. Here is what I found:<br />
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<ul>
<li>John A. Salley (1797-1870) owned 38 slaves in 1860. He was the largest slave-owner of the Salley family. A few acres away lived his nephew Howell.</li>
<li>Howell A. Salley (1835-1912) owned 5 slaves in the 1860 Orangeburg census. Howell's plantation was located near John Garvin's plantation. </li>
<li>John Garvin owned 14 slaves. James Garvin owned 7 slaves and Daniel Garvin owned one slave. </li>
<li>Howell's brother, Jacob Salley (1829-1895), owned 10 slaves. S.M. Salley owned 8 slaves. None of them had mulatto slaves.</li>
<li>Henry F. Salley owned 13 slaves in 1860 including a 7 year old mulatto boy. </li>
<li>Howell A., Jacob and Henry F. Salley were sons of Howell Jones Salley (1799-1875) and Frances Ann Walker (1803-1890). She was the daughter of John Walker and Catherine Felder.</li>
<li>John A. Salley and Howell J. Salley were sons of Jacob Salley (1769-1825) and Elizabeth Corbitt (1774-1830). Jacob was the son of John Salley (1740-1794) and Mary K. Wright (1745-1800). John was the son of Henry Salley Sr. from Switzerland mentioned before.</li>
<li>Donald D. Salley (1816-1903) owned 5 slaves in 1850 Orangeburg and none in 1860. Donald later lived in Union, Orangeburg after 1870. Donald was the son of George Salley (1788-1828), grandson of John Salley and great-grandson of Henry Salley Sr.</li>
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My DNA matches on AncestryDNA come through Henry Salley Jr. (1723-1804), John's brother. None of the Garvins and Salleys listed above had a female mulatto that fit Judie's description. I do know that the white Salley and Walker families were related through marriage. Could some of the slaves been transferred to each other through a marriage bond? I have not figured that out yet.<br />
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Another day, another search. At least, I was able to get Judie's maiden name and grow that branch one more generation. For that, I am grateful.<br />
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-18471247030722560802015-06-27T11:57:00.000-07:002015-06-27T11:57:08.124-07:00My great-great grandma has 4 last names! Most of the time you will read about how hard it is to find a maiden name for your female ancestors. In this case, I didn't have that problem. So what do you do when your great-great grandmother has 4 surnames?<br />
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I recently discovered that I made an error in the Gibson branch of my tree on my mother's side of the family. Since most of my ancestors from Orangeburg were not found in the 1870 census I made several assumptions that came out wrong. I did this years ago and unfortunately my mistakes were shared when I had my tree public on ancestry.com. Since I started this blog, it gave me a chance to revisit all my branches and fix my errors.<br />
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In June 1880, my great-great grandparents Daniel and Judie Gibson, lived in Union Township, Orangeburg, SC.<br />
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As you can see, Daniel and Judie had several children:<br />
Daniel Gibson b. 1869<br />
Henry Gibson b. 1873<br />
William Gibson b. 1873<br />
Florence Gibson b. 1874<br />
Joanna Gibson b. 1875<br />
Lou Anna Gibson b. 1878<br />
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My great-grandfather, Moses Gibson Sr., was born shortly thereafter in either 1879 or 1880. When he died on September 4, 1927 his death certificate named his parents as Daniel Gibson and Judy WALKER.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0PKpC7jvcK7Qggmr9hO9uYe8T1Ohq9S3wSnEIFlskJLeB-jmzO60ySWqNScCo-cA_lycvkErr_PNhJxAMbTeWcBLKAypNxlj9HmpW4jsxlay5QjanWxIEzB_TjJlhnN6LMDo2yx4OG2c/s1600/Moses+Gibson+Death+Certificate.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="298" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg0PKpC7jvcK7Qggmr9hO9uYe8T1Ohq9S3wSnEIFlskJLeB-jmzO60ySWqNScCo-cA_lycvkErr_PNhJxAMbTeWcBLKAypNxlj9HmpW4jsxlay5QjanWxIEzB_TjJlhnN6LMDo2yx4OG2c/s320/Moses+Gibson+Death+Certificate.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
And there lies my mistake. I assumed that Walker was her maiden name and I didn't need to search any further. I never bothered to find any other death certificates of Moses' siblings to confirm her surname.<br />
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Then I found another sibling, Martha Gibson born in 1882. She married Thomas Cleckley b. 1883 and lived near Moses in Cope, Union Township, Orangeburg in the early 1900s. Martha died at the age of 33 of a convulsion while shopping in a store in Cope on November 27, 1915. Martha was buried at <a href="https://plus.google.com/113825571824019689237/about?gl=us&hl=en" target="_blank">Good Hope AME Church</a> cemetery in Cope. Her death certificate read this:<br />
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Her mother was named Judy HENDERSON. Where did Henderson come from? The hell if I know!! I ruled out if Martha was the daughter of Daniel Gibson Jr b. 1869. He would have been about 13 when she was born. </div>
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After that I found another sibling's death certificate, Florence Gibson. Florence was born in either 1874 or 1879. She married John Minnigan b. 1879 and lived near Martha and Moses in the early 1900s. Florence died of unknown causes on July 24, 1938 in Bamberg. She was buried at Lodgebridge in possibly Bamberg. Her sister, LouAnne Gibson-Huggins was the witness. Her mother was named Judy SALLY.</div>
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LouAnne Gibson b. 1878 married Jerry Huggins. They also lived near her siblings in Cope. LouAnne Huggins died of apoplexy on October 13, 1944 and is also buried at Good Hope. Unfortunately her death certificate named Juddy GIBSON as her mother.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7RulL_NRm70leKqRRMyzovdPhIzghNloVU5qiT_ZaOpSFC3JNWJZPnI03PwlBQ8mRLz2F-dZhzbrunzBAWDhlKE56J6QtQdoiSvI2p49IiFbvVFaZS89QeyuTGkwMLX8It0inbTa4C5o/s1600/LouAnne+Gibson+Huggins+death+certificate.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="307" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg7RulL_NRm70leKqRRMyzovdPhIzghNloVU5qiT_ZaOpSFC3JNWJZPnI03PwlBQ8mRLz2F-dZhzbrunzBAWDhlKE56J6QtQdoiSvI2p49IiFbvVFaZS89QeyuTGkwMLX8It0inbTa4C5o/s320/LouAnne+Gibson+Huggins+death+certificate.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
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I haven't been able to trace the whereabouts of the sister JoAnna Gibson b. 1875 and brothers, Daniel Gibson Jr. b. 1869, Henry Gibson b. 1873 and William Gibson b. 1873, with absolute certainty in the 1900s. I haven't found any death certificates yet for my great-granduncles.<br />
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Tracing Judie Gibson was difficult. A black Judy Gibson b. 1850 lived in Hilton Head, Beaufort, SC during the 1910 census with her niece Laura Hamilton b. 1889 and nephew Peter Hamilton b. 1890. This Judy was a widow and the mother of 4 children that were still alive. However, this may not be my great-great grandmother because Daniel Gibson Sr. died on September 11, 1915 in Cope. Daniel's death certificate said he was still married. His parents were Daniel Gibson and Mariah Gibson. My great-grandfather Moses Gibson was the witness.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUJzAJlhuUHQt1GThu5BYjjChEvfUqfmq_gS_KBASjz7sPSDFZVmoPwfwLt8YtlKYpxNoJyEmMs2i_mQ6rFcNg-4wYvW2e95Jv1VEbBEqAlIbXTQZnZzIHKJEGvKOu2xMl_MlteovH87o/s1600/DanielGibsondeathcertificate.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="297" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgUJzAJlhuUHQt1GThu5BYjjChEvfUqfmq_gS_KBASjz7sPSDFZVmoPwfwLt8YtlKYpxNoJyEmMs2i_mQ6rFcNg-4wYvW2e95Jv1VEbBEqAlIbXTQZnZzIHKJEGvKOu2xMl_MlteovH87o/s320/DanielGibsondeathcertificate.jpg" width="320" /></a></div>
The 1917 death certificate of this Judy Gibson b. 1837 revealed that she was 80 years old when she died making her the wife of Renty Gibson b. 1845. Renty might have been a brother of Daniel. This was not my Judy since Renty and Judy were married in the 1880 Hilton Head, Beaufort census.<br />
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A mulatto SC born Judie Gibson b. 1850 lived in 1910 Macon, Alabama with her children Ernest Walker b. 1878 and Jemima Walker b. 1880. Earnest and Jemima were born in Alabama making it very unlikely that they were my relatives. This Judie was a widow and the mother of 6 children that were still alive. This would mean that Judie's actual children were Moses, Florence, LouAnna, Martha, Ernest and Jemima. But Moses and Martha were born in Orangeburg between 1879 and 1882. If this is true then Daniel Jr., Henry, William and JoAnna were probably the children of Daniel Gibson's first wife. I haven't found death certificates on any of these children yet. My Judie's death certificate is also missing. To add to the confusion, the Gibson family lived in an area of Orangeburg that was completely missed when the 1870 census took place. A lot of my ancestors on my mother's side lived there during this time so I couldn't double-check anything against the 1880 Union Township, Orangeburg County, SC census. My Gibsons could have been from Barnwell in 1870. I had to make assumptions that were initially wrong.<br />
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When I figure this one out, I will let you know. I am sure there is a logical explanation for all this.<br />
<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-61192525877642603952015-04-14T22:23:00.001-07:002015-04-15T15:38:25.823-07:00Fatima Rutledge - The Case of Freedom <br />
When you do ancestral research such as this you find a lot of interesting facts about slaves, slave-owners and free persons of color. It is rare when you find a court case that gives you almost everything you need in order to trace your family history.<br />
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This month I wanted to focus on a branch of family that I haven't discussed yet, the Rutledge family of Charleston, South Carolina. In certain branches of my family I can go back only a few generations. Some I have found little or no information. This was not the case with the Rutledges. As I discovered in my research, I have found many historical facts and case files dating back to the late 1700s.<br />
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Some of you may not be familiar with US history or SC history for that matter. So let's put the entire Rutledge family in perspective.<br />
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<a href="http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=920" target="_blank"><b>South Carolina Governor Edward Rutledge</b></a> (1749-1800) was the youngest (age 26) signer of the Declaration of Independence. The history books paint him as a founding father but neither he nor his brother <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Rutledge" target="_blank">SC Governor John Rutledge</a> (1739-1800), who eventually became the 2nd Chief Justice of the US Supreme Court, were eager to break ties with <a href="http://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/south-carolinas-edward-rutledge-opposes-independence" target="_blank">Great Britain</a>. Both Rutledge brothers were slave-owners and voted to strike down any language in the Constitution that forbade slavery. However, after signing the Declaration of Independence, John and Edward began manumitting their slaves.<br />
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SOME were freed. Others were not.<br />
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<b>FATIMA</b> wasn't so lucky. She was my 6x great-grandmother on my father's side of the family and she had an extraordinary story to tell.<br />
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Fatima was born about 1743 in the <a href="http://www.lonelyplanet.com/morocco" target="_blank">kingdom of Morocco</a>. She is the only ancestor that I knew of her life in Africa before being enslaved in the United States.<br />
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(<b>A side note:</b> One of my favorite songs is Marrakech by the acid-jazz group <a href="http://www.incognito.org.uk/" target="_blank">Incognito</a>. Sit back and enjoy the video. I've seen them perform live several times when I lived in Atlanta. They put on a great show. Marrakech is a major city in Morocco. It seems like this stuff sticks in your DNA for real. WHO KNEW?)<br />
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Fatima didn't come from humble beginnings. She and her husband Francis were Muslim freedom-fighters. They were part of a group of Moors that were loyal subjects of the Sultan of Morocco, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohammed_ben_Abdallah" target="_blank">Mohammed ben Abdallah</a>, otherwise known as Mohammed III (1710-1790). Interestingly enough, Mohammed's first consort was <a href="http://www.royalark.net/Morocco/morocco7.htm" target="_blank">Lalla Fatima bint Sulaiman</a> of Morocco. I am not sure if my Fatima was her or a descendant of them both. I cannot tell through DNA or documentation yet.<br />
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In 1769, Mohammed ordered forces to drive the Portuguese out of the port city of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Jadida" target="_blank">Mazaghan</a> along the Atlantic Coast. The Sultan was able to win back the city but eight Moors were captured during the attack. The prisoners of war were supposed to be delivered to the Moroccan ambassador in England for hostage negotiations. Unfortunately, the Moors were instead shipped to America and sold into slavery in South Carolina.<br />
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Fatima and another Moor named Flora were purchased by Edward Rutledge who was an up and coming lawyer in Charleston. Just like his brother John, Edward Rutledge would eventually become the 39th Governor of South Carolina from 1798 to 1800. The future Governor owned up to 60 slaves before the Revolutionary War but after signing the Declaration of Independence, it was rumored that he freed most of his slaves. What really happened was that during the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Charleston" target="_blank">Siege of Charleston</a> in 1780, the city was under attack. All citizens including many slaves fled for their lives. Some runaway slaves were offered asylum by the British forces to relocate to Nova Scotia, Canada as shown in <a href="http://www.blackloyalist.info/sourcedetail/display/15" target="_blank">The Book of Negroes</a>. After the Siege was over and the British defeated, Fatima still remained a slave of Edward Rutledge.<br />
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Edward "favored" Fatima. That's why he kept her. That is until she got pregnant with his child. Having a mixed child with a slave would have ruined his promising political career. He got rid of her in order to avoid a scandal.<br />
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On August 10, 1783 Flora, Fatima and child were purchased by Alexander Oliphant, a family friend, from Edward Rutledge for 155 guineas (155 English gold coins or 162 English pounds & 15 shillings is equivalent to $240.30 US dollars). Thirteen days later Alex freed Flora for 75 guineas (78 English pounds & 15 shillings is equivalent to $116.30 US dollars) and Fatima & child for 80 guineas (84 English pounds is equivalent to $124 US dollars). If this transaction were to happen today, based on 2014 inflation rates, it would have cost Flora <span style="color: red;"><b>$2,584.44</b></span> for her freedom and <span style="color: red;"><b>$2,755.56</b> </span>for Fatima & her child.<br />
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Who exactly was this child? He was known as <b>NED RUTLEDGE</b> my 5x great-grandfather. Ned is short for Edward. Ned was a mulatto. Ned would marry <b>DIE SANDERS, </b>relocate to Ladies Island in Beaufort and raise a family. My DNA test matched me with two descendants of John Rutledge Sr (1713-1750) a physician from Ireland who emigrated to SC in the mid 1730s and had 7 children with Sarah Hext from SC. They were the parents of the two governors. Therefore Governor Edward Rutledge was indeed my 6x great-grandfather.<br />
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Flora and Fatima eventually reunited with their former husbands. On January 20, 1790 the group of Moors <a href="http://www.ministers-best-friend.com/Eight-Slave-Muslims-in-USA-in-the-1790s.html" target="_blank">petitioned</a> the South Carolina House of Representatives as "free-born" subjects of Morocco that if they were ever brought to trial for a crime or misdemeanor, they would be treated as citizens of this country and not fall under the <a href="http://www.teachingushistory.org/ttrove/1740slavecode.htm" target="_blank">1740 SC Slave Code</a> (The Law for the better Ordering and Governing of Negroes and other Slaves). The petition, now known as <a href="http://freeman-nc.org/carolina-history/moors-sundry-act/" target="_blank">The Moors Sundry Act of 1790</a>, was reviewed and approved by a committee led by none other than Edward Rutledge.<br />
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(<b>Another side note:</b> My birthday is January 20th. Imagine my surprise when I found a court case from my ancestor that coincides with my birth date!)<br />
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The only other thing I knew about Fatima was that she had another son named Henry Rutledge. He was also a mulatto but I couldn't determine if his father was Francis or Edward. Hopefully Fatima lived a better life as a free person of color. It would be the last favor she ever got from Edward. His health started to decline shortly afterwards. He suffered from gout which made it very difficult for him to walk. On January 23, 1800 Edward Rutledge died of a stroke (formerly called apoplexy) in office after serving a little more than a year as Governor. He is buried at Saint Philips Episcopal Church cemetery in Charleston. I plan to visit his grave when I go back to SC this summer on vacation.<br />
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com10tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-55318305066417729582015-03-09T21:00:00.003-07:002015-10-08T17:35:55.426-07:00To be YOUNG and freeIt was a pleasant surprise to find my ancestors as free persons of color in the 1860 Barnwell SC census. The nagging question was HOW?<br />
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For almost 10 years, I examined the surroundings, the documents, the relationships and my DNA test results to uncover any clues to who these people were and where did they come from.<br />
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In 1860 Barnwell County, SC there were 10 Young households. Of those ten, these four Young families of color were as follows:<br />
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<u>Allendale Township</u><br />
Frank Young b. 1804 a free colored man who was employed as a carpenter. He was known as Francis Young in the 1870 census.<br />
Caroline Young b. 1824 his mulatto wife. Her parents were Titus Irvine and Judy Doe b. 1810. Titus was a slave of the Erwin family of Barnwell. Judy's mother Hester Doe b. 1775 was a free person of color in the 1820 Barnwell census.<br />
David Young b. 1840 their black son. Lived near parents in 1870 Beldoc Township. David had children Frank Young b. 1864, Letitia Young b. 1867 and Emma Young b. 1869. No wife was listed.<br />
Julia Young b. 1851 their mulatto daughter.<br />
Sarah Young b. 1861 their black daughter.<br />
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Gabriel Young b. 1815 a free colored man who was also a carpenter. His family lived next door to Frank in 1860 and 1870.<br />
Hannah Young b. 1813 his mulatto wife.<br />
Edward Young b. 1855 their mulatto son.<br />
Louisa Young b. 1856 their mulatto daughter. Named after her aunt.<br />
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<u>Four Mile Township</u><br />
<b>Robert Young </b>b. 1820 a free colored man who was a farm laborer. He was my 2x Great-Grandfather. Robert died between 1880-1890 in Hampton without any death record.<br />
<b>Nancy Young</b> b. 1830 his mulatto wife. She was my 2x Great-Grandmother.<br />
Loreander Young b. 1847 their mulatto daughter.<br />
John Young b. 1852 their mulatto daughter.<br />
Louisa Georgianna Young b. 1856 their mulatto daughter. Named after her aunt. Yes that name is popular!<br />
James Nunnus b. 1841 a free mulatto farm laborer who was a tenant in the Young household. He was actually James Nunez from Burke Co., GA. James married Louisa in 1880.<br />
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<u>Lower Three Runs Township</u><br />
Wiley Young b. 1818 a free colored man who was a farm laborer.<br />
Louisa Young b. 1822 his colored wife.<br />
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Over the past few years, I had befriended several people online claiming to be descendants of these families. Once we were able to compare DNA, it was determined that all 4 heads of their respective households: Frank, Gabriel, Wiley and Robert were indeed brothers.<br />
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But no one knew anything else. For years we couldn't a single shred of evidence. There were inventories, wills and other documents that were provided by the white Young families of Barnwell during the early to mid 1800s but not a single one had any of our ancestors' names on it. We couldn't verify the parents of those four men either. To add more confusion to the mix, the Y-DNA test results indicated that I am of haplogroup I1, which means I descend from someone of Northern European ancestry. The census records between 1860 to 1880 change the ethnicity of the Young brothers from colored to mulatto and then black.<br />
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There were two Young families in nearby Burke County, GA that also needed to be addressed. Burke County was only 4 miles away from Barnwell County and separated by the Savannah River. Burke's county seat is <a href="http://www.waynesboroga.com/" target="_blank">WAYNESBORO</a> (what are the odds of that happening?). Allen Young (1784-1860) and Jesse Young (1777-1872) were free persons of color in the 1830 Company 66, Burke County, GA census. Allen was a mulatto born in GA, with wife Lesia "Lucy" Young had 12 children and they all relocated to Hamilton, TN in 1850. Jesse was also a mulatto born in Kentucky, married to Martha Young and had at least 5 children. There were probably more after 1830. Jesse died in Charleston, SC. It seemed like Jesse was a likely candidate to be my direct ancestor. That was until this weekend.<br />
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My 3x great-grandfather was <b>David Young</b> (spelled Yonge) was a free black man who purchased the freedom of his wife <b>Judy</b> and son Frank from William Simmons of St. Paul's Parish, Colleton Co., SC. If the years are correct, Frank was 10 years old when he was freed on July 25, 1814. Judy was subsequently freed on December 6, 1815. That would mean that the rest of Judy's children (hopefully including Gabriel) would have been <b>born free</b>. That is why I never found their names in any wills or slaves' bill of sale.<br />
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I did find David Young as a free person of color in the 1820 census. He lived near 2 other FPOC families, Betsy Bass and Sally Bass of Darlington, SC. I do have Bass ancestors but that mixture occurred back in the early 1700s in VA or so I thought. I would have to dig further into that to identify any relationships to the ones in SC. No other records on David were ever found. Was David a mulatto? DNA suggests yes, but who was the father? Aren't children of a mulatto and black still considered mulatto or just referred to as colored? Who knows what they were classified back then. As long as they were free I don't mind.<br />
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Doing research in the St. Paul's Parish resulted interesting results. On April 11, 1772 Algernoon Wilson was marking his 280 acre territory. His neighbors included <b>Francis Yonge</b> and his wife Susannah. There goes that name again. My Frank Young was also known as Francis. Could this be my 4x great grandfather? I couldn't find Francis' will or David's emancipation records. But I'm still looking.<br />
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I did find the November 6, 1817 will of Susanna Yonge in Barnwell, SC. She was a widow with one surviving daughter, Harriett P. Hagood, wife of Gideon Hagood along with their children. Susanna left a negro wench Patience and her two daughters Rhoda and Louisa, to Harriett. The will was proved on August 2, 1819. I wonder if that is the same Louisa that married Wiley? And who was David's mother? These are the questions that keep me up at night.<br />
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After I started writing this I googled Francis Yonge and the floodgates opened wide. I will have to go into detail about the ancient Yonge family of South Carolina at a later date. Apparently, we have our own <a href="http://www.mapquest.com/maps?city=Yonges%20Island&state=SC" target="_blank">ISLAND</a>.<br />
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Bonus pic: We still kept the naming conventions alive in the 1900s. Left to right my dad William Young, his cousin Frank Young and another cousin Miller Murray at President Kennedy's funeral. No new Davids yet so far. I guess our generation broke that chain, but I will keep your memory alive David in this blog.<br />
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com18tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-30386399062851526782015-02-22T18:47:00.000-08:002015-02-24T15:47:02.903-08:00They called my ancestors name <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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My mother received a phone call from her cousin Lillian the other day. She was overjoyed and excited! She said "They called our name in the <a href="http://www.cbc.ca/bookofnegroes/" target="_blank">Book of Negroes</a>!" I didn't catch it the first time but I watched the episode again. During Episode 1, a young Aminata Diallo from Gambia was in the belly of the slave ship and the men in chains were telling her their names so that she would remember them. The last one called out his name as <span style="color: red;"><b>SAMBA</b></span>. My mouth dropped. I was amazed. My 6x great-grandfather was named Samba too. He was the patriarch of the Tyler branch of family from Orangeburg, SC.<br />
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<b>Samba </b>was born about 1759 in Africa. Based on my DNA and my research of that branch of family, it was likely that he was from West Africa near Gambia. He was named after a Gambian Obeche tree commonly called the Samba tree.</div>
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Samba was enslaved and brought into the US during the late 1700s. Samba was the slave of Charles Milhouse (1790-1830) from the Barnwell District of South Carolina. His name was changed to Sambo. Sambo might have been married to a slave named <b>Poll </b>or <b>Moll</b>. When Charles died in 1830, he left a large number of slaves to his sister Eliza M. (1798-1856), wife of Elisha Tyler (1794-1851). Elisha and Eliza Tyler lived in Orangeburg, SC and attended Willow Swamp Baptist Church. When Elisha died in 1851, he had 51 slaves. Below is a copy of Charles Milhouse's September 28, 1826 will. The will was proved on November 24, 1830. </div>
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This document was very useful but it took me several months to backtrack and figure out who was who. I had to jump between census records and death certificates between several generations to piece the family together. What I found interesting was that my 3x great grandfather was named <b>Sam Tyler</b>. Sam was born about 1830 which meant that Samba was still alive to see his great-grandson's birth. I also knew that Sam's two sons Joseph and <b>William "Landy" Tyler</b> b. 1862 (my 2x great-grandfather) lived with their grandmother <b>Mary Sanders-Tyler</b> in 1870 Rocky Grove, Orangeburg, SC. In the 1880 census, Mary was actually Maria, wife of <b>Patrick Tyler</b>. Patrick was named a mulatto in the census. There was a Mariah found in the 1830 will. Both Maria and Patrick were born about 1815. Also found in the Milhouse will was Bill Sabem, Patrick's father. By reaching out to Milhouse descendants it was discovered that Bill Sabem was really meant to say Bill Samba or Bill, son of Samba. After emancipation Bill was known as <b>William Tyler </b>b. 1797 and lived in Beat 4, Grenada, MS with his mulatto wife <b>Hannah Jones-Tyler</b> b. 1800. That confirmed to me that Patrick was Hannah's son. William's 1880 MS census record mentioned that his father was born in Africa and his mother was born in SC. As you can see, Landy was named after his great-grandfather also. Luckily, it was Landy's July 7, 1916 death certificate that provided me with both his parents' full names including his mother <b>Louisa Gray-McDonald </b>b. 1829.</div>
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Since that time, the family has grown and spread out to areas such as MS, NC and PA.</div>
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A few years ago, my mother and I went to her cousin Lillian's house in Charlotte, NC for a family BBQ. My mother and Lillian used to play as kids together. Lillian's father, Jerome Tyler and my great grandmother, <b>Tenell Tyler-Gibson</b> (1892-1920) were both Landy's children. Lillian is the Tyler family historian so I gladly volunteered to do an impromptu family tree presentation for the Tyler family. Because everywhere I go, I am always PREPARED to talk about genealogy. I am proud that this is one of my few completed branches of family that go all the way back to Africa. So this blog post is dedicated to Lillian Tyler-Weathers and the whole Tyler branch of family.</div>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-5895246874480450662015-01-29T19:36:00.001-08:002015-01-29T19:36:14.237-08:00Who was Nancy Young?My direct Young branch has been the hardest to trace accurately. I was lucky enough to discover that my ancestors were free prior to the Civil War. My 2x great-grandparents, Robert and Nancy Young along with their children were free persons of color (FPOC) in the 1860 Four Mile Township of Barnwell County, South Carolina census.<br />
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<u>The Young Household of 1860</u><br />
<b>Robert Young</b> b. 1820 a free mulatto who was a farm laborer.<br />
<b>Nancy Young</b> b. 1830 his mulatto wife.<br />
Loreander Young b. 1847 their mulatto daughter.<br />
John Young b. 1852 their mulatto daughter.<br />
Louisa Georgianna Young b. 1856 their mulatto daughter.<br />
James Nunnus b. 1841 a free mulatto farm laborer who was a tenant in the Young household. He was actually James Nunez from Burke Co., GA. James married Louisa in 1880. Read about him <a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2014/12/the-curious-case-of-james-nunez.html" target="_blank">HERE</a>.<br />
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Robert and Nancy had two more sons named Robert Young Jr. b. 1845 and <b>Alfred Young</b> b. 1860. I guess Nancy was pregnant during this census period. Alfred was my great-grandfather.<br />
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The Young family lived most of their lives in Barnwell but moved to <a href="https://familysearch.org/learn/wiki/en/St._Peters_Parish,_South_Carolina" target="_blank">St. Peter's Parish</a> in Beaufort, SC after the Civil War. After the <a href="http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/battles_port_royal.html" target="_blank">Battle of Port Royal Sound in 1861</a>, most of the white landowners fled Beaufort and never returned after the war. The US Treasury was able to sell the abandoned land at a low price for non-payment of taxes. Former slaves who had struggled all their lives on plantations were now able to own their own land. Beaufort saw an immediate increase in their African-American population. It was far easier for them to purchase land there than anywhere else in the state. By controlling their own land and crops, they avoided getting ripped off by tenant farmers.<br />
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I found Robert Young's 1868 voter registration for Beaufort (sorry it's not a clear pic). I found this on the <a href="http://www.lowcountryafricana.com/" target="_blank">Low Country Africana website</a>. It's things like this that make me get up and vote in November every year even if it is a primary election or not.<br />
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In the 1870 census the family lived in <a href="http://cityofhardeeville.com/" target="_blank">Hardeeville, St. Peter's Parish, Beaufort, SC</a>. Robert Young Jr., his wife Elizabeth Young b. 1850 and their daughter Rebecca Young b. 1869 lived a few houses away from Robert Young Sr.<br />
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Unfortunately, Nancy died of <a href="http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/611812/typhus" target="_blank">typhus fever</a> in March 1870 at the age of 40. It was a slow, painful death. The records of that time period were not detailed like the death certificates we have now.<br />
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The only death certificate I was able to find of her children was Robert Young Jr. He died on October 6, 1939 in Lee, SC of old age. The death certificate did not include Nancy's maiden name.<br />
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For years I tried to find out who her parents were. I had made several assumptions that were eventually proven wrong. Its been very frustrating at times but luckily my <a href="http://dna.ancestry.com/atFAQ" target="_blank">AncestryDNA</a> test came through again!<br />
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I recently found two 3rd-4th cousins that popped up recently on my DNA Results tab. Of course their trees were not up to date! So after several months of comparing notes and doing the research, I figured out they were descendants of Simon Hankerson b. 1790 and Mary Floyd Hankerson b. 1815. In the 1860 census, the Hankerson family lived seven houses away from my Young family!<br />
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So problem solved! Nancy was a Hankerson, right? WRONG. I explored that possibility with a direct descendant of the Hankerson family several years ago. In order to gain his freedom, a black slave named Simon, owned by Richard Hankerson, married Mary Floyd. Mary was a free person of color (FPOC) and a Mulatto. Simon married Mary in 1838. The first of their ten children, Simon Hankerson Jr., was born in 1840. Simon was previously married to a black female and had several children. None of whom were Mulattos. The Hankerson descendants have kept very detailed records on their family and a lot of documents are available <a href="http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/h/a/n/Charles-Hankerson-3/GENE1-0001.html" target="_blank">online</a>. I was extremely grateful for their support.<br />
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Could Nancy Young and Mary Hankerson be sisters? This is what I found out about the Floyds of Barnwell.<br />
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In the 1830 Barnwell census, John G. Floyd, aged between 30-39, was a white male head of a household of 9. It looks like he had 1 male slave. Was his wife and children passing for white when they were really mulattos?<br />
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In the 1840 Barnwell census, Elizabeth Floyd, aged between 55-99 was a FPOC with 3 males in her household (1 aged between 10-24 and 2 aged between 24-36). She lived next door to Alexander Young and his family. Alexander was white and had no slaves in 1840. Two other FPOC families of Sarah Chism (Chisholm) and Sarah Chavous (<a href="http://www.freeafricanamericans.com/Chavis_family.htm" target="_blank">Chavis</a>) were also neighbors. Since Mary married Simon in 1838 it made sense that she wouldn't show up on the census in the Floyd household. It doesn't explain where Nancy was, if she was actually a Floyd.<br />
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In the 1850 Barnwell census, Henry Floyd b. 1804 was a FPOC with his wife Tamar Floyd b. 1815, daughter Patsy Floyd b. 1836 and an unnamed infant girl. Henry lived next door to his brothers Albert Floyd b. 1825 and his wife Sally Floyd b. 1832. Another brother Allen Floyd b. 1819 lived alone next door. Allen married Judith Philpot b. 1825 that same year. Based on those age ranges in the 1840 census, the 3 males must have been Henry, Allen and Albert. These three men were Mulattos. A <a href="http://familytreemaker.genealogy.com/users/h/a/n/Charles-Hankerson-3/GENE1-0001.html" target="_blank">November 9, 1887 court case</a> also proved the relationship between Henry, Mary and Allen. Albert might have died prior to that date and was not mentioned.<br />
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In the 1869 Militia Records for Four Mile Township, Barnwell I found 3 colored men enrolled named Alfred Floyd b. 1824, Captain Floyd b. 1832 and Matthew Floyd b. 1837. These 3 men were black. Of course the name Alfred Floyd made me wonder if Nancy Young named my great-grandfather after him?<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheLAXXsra_LMvsyfXrxF1y7r2WuX72lXUIj2wzRIO2A6_8r685zxsSwbMNxH9LY1IaQsIMZgU8xSymkjVOw1_Xyikr9IrEOexe3Ov4f2rxjs-Cjc-yKQJyso-QY8B8_JBi0xJPKUu1F8Q/s1600/george_bush_phone_xlarge.jpeg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEheLAXXsra_LMvsyfXrxF1y7r2WuX72lXUIj2wzRIO2A6_8r685zxsSwbMNxH9LY1IaQsIMZgU8xSymkjVOw1_Xyikr9IrEOexe3Ov4f2rxjs-Cjc-yKQJyso-QY8B8_JBi0xJPKUu1F8Q/s1600/george_bush_phone_xlarge.jpeg" height="194" width="200" /></a>It seems like every family in the area was related. The Hankersons and Floyds have a connection to the <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=cEUmBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA25&lpg=PA25&dq=simon+hankerson&source=bl&ots=ZP0KuCjzAY&sig=Me3t35G_bPHOnWPubLOhoCmqg4s&hl=en&sa=X&ei=hVzIVO_sL4ayggS70YHoCQ&ved=0CFIQ6AEwDA#v=onepage&q=simon%20hankerson&f=false" target="_blank">Bush family</a>. The Bush name also popped up in my DNA cousins' trees. Please Lord don't let me be related to HIM! Luckily, his name did not come up on my list in <a href="https://www.23andme.com/" target="_blank">23andMe</a> of famous people in my haplogroup, but hey you never know who you might be related to these days.<br />
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I also found an Alfred Walker b.1832 in Four Mile 1870-80 censuses that was also named in my DNA cousins' trees. There goes that name Alfred again! What is interesting is that Alfred Walker was a mulatto. He was employed as a carpenter too. My ancestors on the Young side had carpenters in the family during this same time period. Alfred was married to Margaret Rebecca Clary and had 7 children together. Alfred died in Barnwell about 1907 at the age of 75.<br />
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The surname Walker appears on my mother's side from Charleston. That is a coincidence since they were FPOCs from Virginia that moved to SC. I couldn't find a connection based on the records I have for those set of Walkers. Not to worry, I will blog about them very soon!<br />
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My last theory is the one I thought was most plausible. Nancy could have been the daughter of Nero and Nancy Hancock. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Nero Hancock</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">
was born in 1780 at George Galphin's <a href="http://mdgroover.iweb.bsu.edu/GPR%20Silver%20Bluff.htm" target="_blank">Silver Bluff Plantation</a>, Aiken, SC. Nero and his brother
Prince were sold away from their parents in 1781. Nero received his freedom after 1800 and
relocated to Burke County, Georgia approximately 10 to 12 miles from Silver
Bluff Plantation. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Nero took the surname of Hancock. Nero was head
of a Waynesboro, Burke Co., GA (30 miles outside of Augusta) household of 4 in
the 1820 census. Nero Hancock and wife Nancy were listed as planter and
housewife in the <a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CroUAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA590&img=1&zoom=3&hl=en&sig=ACfU3U0wpUBLCADvBWjb9LHmOlu45HfaEg&ci=136%2C112%2C756%2C994&edge=0" target="_blank">April 30, 1820 <i>Augusta Chronicle</i></a> article registering Free Persons of Color. Nero and his wife Nancy Byng were in the 1830
District 66 census with an unnamed child (possibly my Nancy). The couple were listed in the 1850 (the maiden name of
Byng was recorded for Nancy that year) and 1860 censuses (They were named
Nescoe and Nancy Hancock residing in 1860 Gordon’s District, Burke Co., GA). The Hancock family lived next door to the FPOC <a href="http://emilyevaughn.com/MagnanBetsey.htm" target="_blank">Nunez family</a>. And as you can see in the 1830 census, the Hancocks also lived next to the FPOC households of Allen Young and Jesse Young. As you can see, these Youngs are another mystery to crack when I discuss Robert again.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-US;">I do have a DNA match to a Bing descendant who's ancestors were William Bing b. 1818 and Frances Galphin b. 1820 also from Barnwell. I haven't found anyone with Hancock or Galphin/Golfin surnames in my DNA matches either. </span><br />
So there you have it, so many possibilities but no clear winner. If DNA doesn't lie, then it sure isn't making it easy to find out the truth. I hope someone can show me the right path.<br />
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Because I have NO CLUE! </div>
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com16tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-58945515833055836112014-12-21T18:30:00.000-08:002014-12-21T19:48:48.734-08:00The Curious Case of James Nunez The 1860 census has always vexed me. I was happy to see that my ancestors were free prior to the Civil War. On the other hand, the census left me with more questions than answers.<br />
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This snapshot was taken from the September 1, 1860 census for the Four Mile township of Barnwell, SC. My 2x great-grandfather <b>Robert Young</b> aged 40 was a free person of color (mulatto) with a personal wealth of $150 <b><span style="color: red;">(</span></b><span style="color: red;"><b>That equaled $4,285.71 in 201</b></span><b style="color: red;">4)</b>. We also have my 2x great-grandmother <b>Nancy Young</b> aged 30 with three of their children Loreander age 13, John age 8 and Louisa age 4. My great-grandfather Alfred wasn't born until later that year. In addition to the family there was another lodger, <b>James Nunnus</b>, a mulatto aged 19.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbiCEaRBDxOJ9AijOvPRjLSgQAejdvrcNR-uK_VjJ0Dhw_AVr6J2so_FQU99LK7YKMRvr9U-eGr4xSnBW8Rfua0qiePRkvGJ4RT1C29jeB82WZL7vyZ6Mb0TX5hIb4A1OMFHeIXujmqEQ/s1600/Robert+Young+1860+census.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhbiCEaRBDxOJ9AijOvPRjLSgQAejdvrcNR-uK_VjJ0Dhw_AVr6J2so_FQU99LK7YKMRvr9U-eGr4xSnBW8Rfua0qiePRkvGJ4RT1C29jeB82WZL7vyZ6Mb0TX5hIb4A1OMFHeIXujmqEQ/s1600/Robert+Young+1860+census.png" height="71" width="320" /></a></div>
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Who is this guy? I played the Bill Withers tune in my head, "Who is he and what is he to you?" Was he a brother-in-law, cousin or just a tenant? The census provided no clues.<br />
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What is challenging for me is that I am having the most trouble identifying my ancestors of the Young branch. I can not confirm Nancy's maiden name and I do not know the names of Robert's parents. I have few matching relatives with the surname Young from all of three my DNA tests. I will blog about that later.<br />
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James Nunnus, born about 1839, was actually James Eunice in the 1869 Militia Roll, James Nun in the 1870 census and James Nunis in the 1880 census. He married Georgianna Young b. 1853 and had 4 children named Anna May Nunez b. 1872, James Joseph Nunez b. 1874, Louisa Nunez b. 1876 and Joanna Nunez b. 1880. Notice that James and Georgianna name a daughter Louisa. I think that Georgianna might be my great-grandaunt Louisa Young from the 1860 census.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-VVGj1K9z6mI6aUFHsecL2-vHB0VMxz1YvmAXC6SVqzz0hsPZwT8D80SW6TxqwIdZIkPmU-9k2ovD38eMSRCu4uKMi9231ysoRiM3wdbzuXmqWCHHuNrurnKpChQbT7iv0U9qfknryJo/s1600/1869+Militia+Roll+Nunes+-+Eaunice.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj-VVGj1K9z6mI6aUFHsecL2-vHB0VMxz1YvmAXC6SVqzz0hsPZwT8D80SW6TxqwIdZIkPmU-9k2ovD38eMSRCu4uKMi9231ysoRiM3wdbzuXmqWCHHuNrurnKpChQbT7iv0U9qfknryJo/s1600/1869+Militia+Roll+Nunes+-+Eaunice.jpg" height="320" width="198" /></a></div>
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I never found a record of James' death but there was an interesting court case about his life.<br />
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<a href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AxJCAQAAMAAJ&pg=RA1-PA14&lpg=RA1-PA14&dq=bryan+urquhart+nunez+georgia&source=bl&ots=igCeqBDLjD&sig=53O-tAVHqAls5gHxL-1l1GmJ030&hl=en&sa=X&ei=9k2XVPWHGcupNvKdgtAF&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=bryan%20urquhart%20nunez%20georgia&f=false" target="_blank">Bryan vs Walton</a></div>
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James was one of five children of Joseph Nunez, a mulatto himself, and Patience, his negro slave that he married. They lived in Burke County, Georgia which was 4 miles west of Barnwell, SC across the Savannah River.<br />
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Joseph Nunez descended from <a href="http://www.chabad.org/library/article_cdo/aid/112041/includerelated/false/jewish/Samuel-Nunez-Ribeiro.htm" target="_blank">Dr. Samuel Nunez</a>, a Portuguese physician of Jewish descent, who fled that country to escape religious persecution in 1733 and opened the first apothecary (retail drug store) in Georgia. Samuel's son, Moses Nunez had several mixed race children with Mulatto Rose, a Native American Indian. Moses and Rose had a son named James Nunez who married a white woman named Lucy Anderson. They were Joseph's parents. Joseph's father James owned Patience's mother, her and her siblings.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTkY9wHtUuw-TypR-j3cPZjOOFAtXnCRk0xfpwT-eyE7_qGRKkzP_0SY9w4KnPl_QXoxM3unBGq_frz5m4nB4-mSxSS5Nycyhk4ImxJeigcSPleW42z241mBHqPe4VWMyD2Y9OW8as6yA/s1600/Georgia+South+Carolina.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTkY9wHtUuw-TypR-j3cPZjOOFAtXnCRk0xfpwT-eyE7_qGRKkzP_0SY9w4KnPl_QXoxM3unBGq_frz5m4nB4-mSxSS5Nycyhk4ImxJeigcSPleW42z241mBHqPe4VWMyD2Y9OW8as6yA/s1600/Georgia+South+Carolina.jpg" height="200" width="170" /></a></div>
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In 1846, Joseph Nunez transferred ownership of several slaves he had inherited to a neighbor, Alexander Urquhart. A year later, Urquhart sold the slaves to Seaborn C. Bryan. After Nunez's death in 1846, the administrator of his estate, Hugh Walton, sued Bryan to recover the slaves. Walton's strategy was to have the Georgia courts declare that Nunez was a free person of color rather than a white man. State law at that time prohibited anyone who was at least one-eighth black from selling or giving away property. If the courts agreed Nunez had an eighth or more black ancestry, he could not have sold the slaves to Urquhart, who could not then have sold them to Bryan. The matter came to the Georgia Supreme Court three times between 1853 and 1864 before the parties finally accepted the court's decisions that Nunez was not a person of color.<br />
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During the trial the defendant testified that Patience died in 1851 and he didn't know the whereabouts of Nunez' children. Somehow one of them, James found his way to Barnwell and lived in my great-great grandparents house as a free man. He had no fear of extradition and used his name openly.<br />
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I did find a living descendant of James Nunez a few years ago so his legacy lives on. In fact, I have kept in contact with several of Dr. Samuel Nunez' descendants throughout the years. These wonderful people really helped me discover more about my ancestry as well even though I am not a Nunez descendant myself. You can read more about the Nunez family in a large variety of books, Facebook groups and websites. They have so many interesting stories that spans centuries.<br />
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com10tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-30956761140953905262014-11-26T18:47:00.001-08:002014-11-26T19:58:52.734-08:00The Missing Livingston Child<br />
Once again DNA answered an age old question lost throughout the decades.<br />
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Let's start with the records first.<br />
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The June 1900 census for Cope, Union Township, Orangeburg County, South Carolina had my 3x great-grandmother, <b>Idella Livingston</b> b. 1830 in the household of her grandson Samuel Livingston b. 1870. At this time Sam was married for 5 years to his wife Frances Brown-Livingston b. 1877. They had three children Verna (Vernell) b. 1896, Annie b. 1897 and little 3 month old Jasper b. 1900. I mentioned how Sam's eldest daughters married into the <a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2014/10/all-aboard-with-wilkinsons.html" target="_blank">Wilkinson family in an earlier blog post</a>. As you can see in the picture below circled in red, Sam and Frances had 3 children who were all alive in 1900. Unfortunately, all 3 of Idella's children were dead.</div>
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During this time period it was rare to find someone with so few children. Idella must have been heartbroken to bury her husband and all of her children. At this time, I still don't know how any of the children died. Official death records are scarce for the time period between 1880 and 1900. I can only assume the worst: by accident, incident or disease. Within those two decades I was able to uncover the names of my 3x great-grandparents and two of their children. So here is the question:</div>
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<b>WHO WAS THE THIRD CHILD?</b></div>
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No records of my family were found in 1870. I can only guess that the census taker skipped their part of town. YOU HAD ONE JOB TO DO!!!! </div>
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In April 1880 Willow Township, Orangeburg, SC my 3x great-grandfather, <b>Boston Livingston</b> b. 1810, died by accident in a gravel pit.</div>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBbLJ4OV0s0CO1WjWda5o00UsWlKJnZz1UnLW0hdJcdqtzVwJdyD4DLRYbvom_O84Z5Bnfh51H0qtzebAMDq5OP9jj4O0AsjcsStv7bZ6s3asa1cI7kl8lL-huVw0eu0zRnDhqMQxkVIA/s1600/Boston+Livingston+death+record.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgBbLJ4OV0s0CO1WjWda5o00UsWlKJnZz1UnLW0hdJcdqtzVwJdyD4DLRYbvom_O84Z5Bnfh51H0qtzebAMDq5OP9jj4O0AsjcsStv7bZ6s3asa1cI7kl8lL-huVw0eu0zRnDhqMQxkVIA/s1600/Boston+Livingston+death+record.png" height="164" width="320" /></a></div>
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In June 1880 Liberty Township, Orangeburg, SC my 2x great-grandfather <b>Jace Livingston</b> b. 1856 lived with his wife <b>Dorcas Hawkins-Livingston</b> b. 1854 and the first six of their nine children. It is when I researched the children where it all started to make sense. </div>
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Their children were:</div>
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<li>Grant Livingston b. 1870 was named after his uncle <b>Grant Livingston</b> b. 1859. I made an earlier blog entry about when this <a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2014/09/back-to-school-with-livingstons.html" target="_blank">Grant and his brother Sam attended Claflin University</a>. Grant later married Janie.</li>
<li>Samuel Livingston b. 1872 would be the one who had his grandmother Idella live with him in 1900. </li>
<li>Harriet Livingston b. 1874. </li>
<li>Adaline Livingston b. 1876 was the twin sister of Emeline. Adaline was named after her aunt Adaline Jones-Hawkins, wife of Dorcas' brother Jacob Hawkins. Adaline married into the Curry family.</li>
<li>Emeline Livingston b. 1876 was the twin sister of Adaline. </li>
<li>Doctor Livingston b. 1879 was named after his father's cousin, Doctor Jennings b. 1855. Jennings was Idella's maiden name. </li>
<li><b>William A. Livingston Sr.</b> b. 1890 was my great-grandfather. He married <b>Maud Easterling </b>b. 1893 and had 5 children including my grandfather <b>William A. Livingston Jr.</b> b. 1916. My actual grandfather was never married to my grandmother. They had two kids together including my mother.</li>
<li>Idella Livingston II b. 1893 was named after her grandmother. She married into the Williams family.</li>
<li>George Livingston b. 1895 was my step-grandfather. He actually married my grandmother <b>Izora Gibson</b> b. 1914. They had two kids together. I told that whole story in an earlier blog.</li>
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There might have been more children born in the 1800s but I haven't identified all of them yet. Jace probably died between 1895 and 1900 since George was the last child born. I do not know where he was buried. Dorcas died in 1913 and was buried at Mt. Zion cemetery in Cope, SC. </div>
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The reason I never found Jace's brother <b>Grant Livingston</b> in any earlier censuses was that he was employed as a longshoreman which kept him out at sea for an extended period of time. He did manage to return and live in Charleston, SC before he died in mid-1900. His sudden death might have been at sea. He was married to Lula Aiken b. 1880 for 4 years and had 3 kids. Only two children Willie b. 1897 and Viola b. 1899 survived past childbirth.</div>
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Several weeks ago I was checking my updates in AncestryDNA and came across a gentleman who was a 4th to 6th cousin. I reviewed his tree and discovered something new. His great-grandparents were January Hart b. 1850 and <b>Louvenia Livingston</b> b. 1852. </div>
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January Hart was the son of Abraham and Annie Hart. January and Louvenia were married around 1872 in Orangeburg, SC. The couple had at least 6 children together. Louvenia died between 1895 and 1900. The 1900 Elizabeth, Orangeburg, SC census listed January Hart as widowed. He died there of dropsy (pulmonary edema) on May 1, 1915. </div>
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Their children were:</div>
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<li>Peter Hart b. 1872 was married to Charlotte Dickson b. 1862 with children Sam Hart b. 1896, Pearlie Hart b. 1897, Lou J. Hart b. 1898, Arebel Hart b. 1898 and Lilly Hart in 1900.</li>
<li>Ella Hart b. 1877. </li>
<li>Pinkie Hart b. 1883.</li>
<li>Gilbert Hart b. 1886. </li>
<li>Ollie Hart b. 1889. She married David Johnson b. 1886 in 1907. My DNA cousin descends from them. She died on July 30, 1959 in Winston-Salem, NC. Her death certificate listed her parents as January Hart and Louvania Livingston.</li>
<li>Dennis Hart b. July 4, 1890. He married Roxie Northey b. 1906 and they relocated to Jacksonville, Florida. He died in 1985. His birth certificate below named his parents as January Hart and Louvania Livingston.</li>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2hDp7DultorTIVhGK71COfAy0BDYNBfaonXfGYDQjdwnjApGzyRLGcjHpfaGbgkBjTGdMYAhkNNT27Oyduk3uakU_84UYqJO0T2TQeidnbzWpff5GQ1xVBoUJ-OasSzI21vsoUmBXk6w/s1600/Dennis+Hart+birth+certificate.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEg2hDp7DultorTIVhGK71COfAy0BDYNBfaonXfGYDQjdwnjApGzyRLGcjHpfaGbgkBjTGdMYAhkNNT27Oyduk3uakU_84UYqJO0T2TQeidnbzWpff5GQ1xVBoUJ-OasSzI21vsoUmBXk6w/s1600/Dennis+Hart+birth+certificate.jpg" height="265" width="320" /></a></div>
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Of course I had to verify if this was the correct Louvenia Livingston. There were two other Louvenia's that would fit the time frame. In 1880 Orangeburg, March and Mary Livingston had a 1 year old Lavinia Livingston. This couldn't be the right person if her first child was born in 1872. The only other Luvenia Livingston b. 1846 from Orangeburg was white. </div>
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So therefore Luvenia Livingston-Hart and Jace Livingston were brother and sister. She was the first born, Jace was the middle child and Grant was the baby. All of Boston and Idella's children were back together again. DNA solves yet another mystery. </div>
Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com5tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-17526285003044185992014-11-04T18:29:00.000-08:002014-11-04T18:39:05.600-08:00You Are The Great-Great-Grandfather! A Mystery Solved Through DNA TestingI had a <a href="http://www.pbs.org/wnet/finding-your-roots/about/" target="_blank">Dr. Henry Louis Gates, Jr.</a> moment last weekend. That means I made a discovery using both DNA and a paper trail. My missing branch has grown leaves and sprouted!<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWNHi2fwmVMEQhOJiRTq15MR9SGVrnWuCIXd9mRpza6lmtQdE-6lNLtWqXySEWesYNR9ylHysgZl9vnsvw_qkpP5jb3JLMZLC_AycOYsYQWiXfwW8lJWjv90i2x6Scjo30PLA63IcEQTE/s1600/Easterling+coat+of+arms.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhWNHi2fwmVMEQhOJiRTq15MR9SGVrnWuCIXd9mRpza6lmtQdE-6lNLtWqXySEWesYNR9ylHysgZl9vnsvw_qkpP5jb3JLMZLC_AycOYsYQWiXfwW8lJWjv90i2x6Scjo30PLA63IcEQTE/s1600/Easterling+coat+of+arms.jpg" /></a></div>
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A few months ago I blogged about the <a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2014/04/secrets-and-lies-easterling-connection.html" target="_blank">Easterling</a> mystery within my family. To recap: I didn't have a death certificate for my mulatto great-grandmother <b>Maude Livingston</b>. I couldn't identify her parents' names. All I knew that her mother's maiden name was Busby. My aunt told me that Maude's mother went to work for a white family, was seduced by an older man and had 5 mixed children in Orangeburg, SC. That was partly true.<br />
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I found out she actually had 6 children by three different men.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYIDbUDdogFDXFhI-uAb3XwZTfH7ApM_UR0NGgovFvPFZrTnxB4Ps8VXmT-5ZTILMRfQKww2IjX4EtOR0KKrsptqEtHz09Nz1rUVJinhyphenhypheno3iduy2QKBnFXFycA3K6fSqc2IheEH8txl4I/s1600/James+Easterling.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYIDbUDdogFDXFhI-uAb3XwZTfH7ApM_UR0NGgovFvPFZrTnxB4Ps8VXmT-5ZTILMRfQKww2IjX4EtOR0KKrsptqEtHz09Nz1rUVJinhyphenhypheno3iduy2QKBnFXFycA3K6fSqc2IheEH8txl4I/s1600/James+Easterling.jpg" height="198" width="200" /></a><b>James Easterling</b> (1877-1951) was listed as negro in the Orangeburg census records. His death certificate listed parents as <i>William Easterling</i> and <i>Eliza Busby</i>. This William Easterling b. 1840 was African-American. James married his half-sister Rosa Lee <span style="color: red;">(last name Trembull on the death certificate was actually Tremble)</span>. James died of pneumonia on November 24, 1951.<br />
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<b>Rosa Lee Easterling</b> (1885-1975) was listed as mulatto in the Orangeburg census records. Rosa raised her young siblings by herself in 1900. In 1910 the family lived in the household of their uncle Webster Busby. Rosa had a son named Robert Tremble in Georgia around 1911. She must have been married to her son's father but it didn't last. She later married her half-brother James. Unfortunately her death certificate will not be made public for another 11 years.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOH0NOJXq9X7-nl-ga7VQcUfQxoY16x6mxHTAhQx8LQrK4jvxHePfTUzhvniNKizophNCGFMDZ0gjhUlUu0M6IkxM-hSZQTnTUxrhQ74n_50ucVTcKmdxZ9eaLY0d1ubY5QBwfraX5scE/s1600/Augustus+Easterling+Death+Certificate.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOH0NOJXq9X7-nl-ga7VQcUfQxoY16x6mxHTAhQx8LQrK4jvxHePfTUzhvniNKizophNCGFMDZ0gjhUlUu0M6IkxM-hSZQTnTUxrhQ74n_50ucVTcKmdxZ9eaLY0d1ubY5QBwfraX5scE/s1600/Augustus+Easterling+Death+Certificate.jpg" height="200" width="150" /></a></div>
<b>Augustus Easterling</b> (1888-1963) was listed as mulatto in the Orangeburg census records. Augustus was married to Jessie May <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">b. 1894 and had a son William Roy Easterling on
January 16, 1912 in Orangeburg, SC. Augustus was drafted into World War I. After the war he relocated his family to 2355 N. Orkney Street in
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania</span>. <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">Augustus died of a gastro-intestinal </span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">hemorrhage</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"> on February 7, 1963 in Philadelphia. He was buried at Merion Memorial Cemetery
in Montgomery County, PA. His death certificate named parents as <i>William Easterling</i> and <i>Eliza Busby</i>. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif; font-size: small;"><b>Maude Easterling</b> (1890-1942) was listed as mulatto in the Orangeburg census records. </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Maude married </span><b style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">William Livingston Sr. </b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">(1890-1982) </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">and had six children together which included my grandfather <b>William Livingston Jr </b>(1916-1993).</span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"> It was rumored that she became mentally ill and was committed to the asylum in Columbia. She
died on January 21, 1942 and was buried at Mt. Zion
Baptist Church. No death certificate was found.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><b style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Vivian Easterling</b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> (1890-?) was listed as mulatto in the Orangeburg census records. Unfortunately nothing else was ever recorded about him. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><br /></span><b>Ollie Easterling</b> (1892-1931) was listed as negro in the Orangeburg census records. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">She married </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRbzLMNcxJMZo7ql9zvH7n4971RKxULrR9gbKUz9xZ7O_HssW5p1crswolyAHHxIn6AQZjuzpcBUO0D7WEdbgCVqpZYF_YicykEugmHYS7qfbpJ5I442O18xy7CQ-TxwgOkODKf4dl1gU/s1600/OliveEasterlingJohnson+deathcert.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRbzLMNcxJMZo7ql9zvH7n4971RKxULrR9gbKUz9xZ7O_HssW5p1crswolyAHHxIn6AQZjuzpcBUO0D7WEdbgCVqpZYF_YicykEugmHYS7qfbpJ5I442O18xy7CQ-TxwgOkODKf4dl1gU/s1600/OliveEasterlingJohnson+deathcert.jpg" height="163" width="200" /></a></span></div>
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Lawyer Johnson b. 1888 in 1911
District 46, Union, Orangeburg. Their children were Marion Johnson b. 1913, Vernon Johnson b.
1914, Lawyer Johnson Jr. b. 1916, Nancy Johnson b. 1920, Lucille Johnson b. 1921, Ollie M. Johnson b. 1923,
Rosalie Johnson b. 1925, Walter Johnson b. 1927 and Lillian Johnson b. 1929. </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif; font-size: 12pt;">Her death certificate listed parents as <i>David
Franklin</i> and <i>Eliza <span style="color: red;">(misspelled Leiza)</span> Busby</i>. David was African-American.</span><br />
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<b style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">William Easterling </b><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">(1897-?) was listed as mulatto in the Orangeburg census records. He may have moved to NC and been incarcerated there. There were multiple William Easterlings so it was hard to track his whereabouts.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">The Busby, Easterling, Johnson and Livingston families lived near each other throughout the first few decades of the 1900s. I was lucky enough to identify <b>Eliza Busby</b> b. 1880 as my great-great grandmother. She probably died before 1900 of TB or in childbirth. The 1900 census had her last 5 children named Busby. In 1910, the children were named Easterling and lived with their uncle Webster Busby and his wife. Eliza's brother Webster's death certificate named his parents as <b>William Busby</b> and <b>Margaret Lewis</b>. They were my 3x great-grandparents. I will blog about the Busby family at a later date. <span style="color: red;">(I have a great story on that side of the family!) </span>But <b><u>who</u></b> was my great-great grandfather?</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">This is where the paper trail ended and I relied on DNA for an answer. Over the years, I have taken several DNA tests and uploaded my results to Ancestry.com, 23andMe.com, FTDNA.com and Gedmatch.com. A few weeks ago I was reviewing some new matches in AncestryDNA and found a 4th to 6th cousin match with the surname Easterling. I reviewed her profile and discovered that she was white. I am not mentioning her name out of respect for privacy. Her Easterlings were indeed from Orangeburg and were white, unlike mine which were mulatto. Her ancestor, Mary Ann Easterling-Tyler, had a brother named <b>Jonathan Charles Easterling Jr</b>. Jonathan and his wife <b>Jane Martha Hall</b> had a son named <b>William Augustus Easterling</b> (1842-1915). </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPp2lqWOdOgt6HD5cE4egejNJnEL249xIGNEiBRLXKW8M056cHzqHfARcCrl5kxZ8aSEDoDLESrBP4HnNeNu5OQyOu7gjBSGNdQ5yDemD87BuAv6wLVRoN1xDeYkamtKGNcg4ihRPjRLQ/s1600/easterlingtree2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiPp2lqWOdOgt6HD5cE4egejNJnEL249xIGNEiBRLXKW8M056cHzqHfARcCrl5kxZ8aSEDoDLESrBP4HnNeNu5OQyOu7gjBSGNdQ5yDemD87BuAv6wLVRoN1xDeYkamtKGNcg4ihRPjRLQ/s1600/easterlingtree2.jpg" height="240" width="320" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">I found him in the 1880 Orangeburg, SC census listed as W.A. Easterlin, a single 39 year old white farmer, who lived a few houses down from William Busby and his family (including a single 20 year old Eliza). Both William and Eliza are circled in </span><span style="color: red; font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b>red</b></span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"> in the census record below. This was indeed the man I was looking for since Eliza named two of her sons Augustus and William, it made perfect sense. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1vWJIUgA6arTtTs11mUD9ejc2xjOFVsI4ny8dZKsdZ9DkrhZ_-dxsSF-3WgjtDMpTaCqN8gJ7eXMXN_8ve3Py08Qp1N0udd2QOy79psRcsihhqFr8cyfBYnRlvFIqADmiQ6wJh9B3o-c/s1600/1880BusbyEasterlingcensus.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1vWJIUgA6arTtTs11mUD9ejc2xjOFVsI4ny8dZKsdZ9DkrhZ_-dxsSF-3WgjtDMpTaCqN8gJ7eXMXN_8ve3Py08Qp1N0udd2QOy79psRcsihhqFr8cyfBYnRlvFIqADmiQ6wJh9B3o-c/s1600/1880BusbyEasterlingcensus.jpg" height="320" width="266" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">The DNA test proved several things:</span><br />
<ul>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2014/05/52-ancestors-izory-gibson-livingston.html" target="_blank">William Livingston Jr's claim to be my mother's real father was indeed true</a>.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2014/04/secrets-and-lies-easterling-connection.html" target="_blank">The story of what happened to Eliza Busby was no longer a secret buried in time</a>.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">Mary Easterling-Tyler and her husband John Tyler were probably slaveowners of my Tyler family.</span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">Easterling was a name born by blood and not just by the marriage of James and Rosa Lee.</span></li>
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Poor Eliza, the stigma of having children out of wedlock by multiple men including a white man during the turn of the century must have been too much to bear. She might of died of a broken heart. Her daughter Maude was committed to a mental institution and died there. Perhaps the same thing happened to Eliza? I may never find out the truth. No state mental health records or death certificates were found for either of them.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;">Did I find anything else about William Augustus Easterling? He was born on July 15, 1841 in Orangeburg. His family was wealthy and owned a large amount of land in the area. He eventually became a cadet in the military academy and fought on the side of the Confederacy, Hampton Legion Infantry in the Civil War. William never married. He owned and farmed his own land after the war. Whatever transpired between him and Eliza was forever lost in those fields of Orangeburg. He died of Pulmonary Tuberculosis on March 20, 1915 in Richland, Columbia and was buried in his hometown. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkm4nqMrqaIYJwjN3cTHvyBQnapj8Vj4lcNQrGYhGp9Yy7hsP8hhDnpcgbXbfeka2zVGu1PtbUgU-Wuf7a2IA7m8mVtfX4jAKWZPSyGd1yuySkl3hR3Wc3ORORo9-FFhC04buR9CjJ_tY/s1600/1860WmEasterling.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgkm4nqMrqaIYJwjN3cTHvyBQnapj8Vj4lcNQrGYhGp9Yy7hsP8hhDnpcgbXbfeka2zVGu1PtbUgU-Wuf7a2IA7m8mVtfX4jAKWZPSyGd1yuySkl3hR3Wc3ORORo9-FFhC04buR9CjJ_tY/s1600/1860WmEasterling.jpg" height="200" width="135" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDV0tN9aYo0DhId5v57ACy0PmiT3RNR-lUPYjxCIOtr4_wgiraU4ez-csz9SIVa6nXk9zNa7QU2eyIIjCi0tJQA4dnxAfzqEwmoIrRP69Fmm2z52Gr94tN2fssy3dVcfFm0rvCu-Qo46Q/s1600/williameasterlingdeathcertificate.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjDV0tN9aYo0DhId5v57ACy0PmiT3RNR-lUPYjxCIOtr4_wgiraU4ez-csz9SIVa6nXk9zNa7QU2eyIIjCi0tJQA4dnxAfzqEwmoIrRP69Fmm2z52Gr94tN2fssy3dVcfFm0rvCu-Qo46Q/s1600/williameasterlingdeathcertificate.jpg" height="170" width="200" /></a></div>
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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">On a positive note, the Easterling branch, that used to be a thorn at my side, has now grown by leaps and bounds! My 5x great-grandfather, <b>Reverend</b> <b>Henry Easterling III</b>, was a Captain in the <a href="http://files.usgwarchives.net/nc/dobbs/bios/easterli120gbs.txt" target="_blank">American Revolution</a>. I felt like I was on an episode of <i><a href="http://www.pbs.org/wnet/finding-your-roots/" target="_blank">Finding Your Roots</a></i> and Dr. Gates told me to <span style="color: red;">"turn the page."</span> I can now trace my lineage back over 500 years to <a href="http://www.surnamedb.com/Surname/Easterling" target="_blank">England</a>. The Easterlings have their own <a href="http://www.easterling.org/" target="_blank">genealogical society</a> and have a family coat of arms as well. </span><br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQuK95sVAg9ouOV0hqZ6bDIIcyFdevYxzH-nJozawINOmPcxOSHDREXDYMveyPvr21kM512O1vv5qGV0YRybSoUOEuH_skFLmyS4jyAZO44wAujLs0vs2g6OV_hqZ6EprpajxZ8MGO6aY/s1600/easterlingcoat.gif" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhQuK95sVAg9ouOV0hqZ6bDIIcyFdevYxzH-nJozawINOmPcxOSHDREXDYMveyPvr21kM512O1vv5qGV0YRybSoUOEuH_skFLmyS4jyAZO44wAujLs0vs2g6OV_hqZ6EprpajxZ8MGO6aY/s1600/easterlingcoat.gif" height="320" width="232" /></a></div>
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<div style="text-align: center;">
<u>Origin of the Easterling Name</u></div>
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<span style="background-color: white; color: red;">"The Easterlings, present an intriguing origin, dating back to 1066, when they arrived in England with William the Conqueror, wealthy bankers, coiners and lenders of money, to achieve distinction by becoming England's foremost mint masters, taking their name in compliment to the quality of their product. In the time of King Richard I, money coined in the east part of Germany began to be of especial request in England for the purity thereof, and was called Easterling money, as all the inhabitants thereof were called Easterling. Shortly after, some of that Country, skillful in mint matters, were sent far off into the realm, to bring the coin to perfection, which from that time was called of them 'Sterling' for Easterling."</span><br />
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<span style="background-color: white; color: red;">Found in <i>"History of South Carolina, Biographical Volume,"</i> Wallace, The American Historical Society, Inc.; New York, 1934.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">Now I have new surnames to research which include: </span><span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman', serif;"><b>Hall, McMichael, Howell, Kincaid, Bennett, Chears, Widdington </b>and<b> Vines</b> to name a few. More work for me <span style="color: red;">(the kind I enjoy doing)</span>! </span>Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com11tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-24391844310194806322014-10-27T20:01:00.004-07:002014-10-27T20:23:18.062-07:00The Ghost in the LibraryA few years ago, I worked for an energy services company in the Southeast US. My job was a performance contracting engineer, which is an interesting profession. It enabled me to travel to different locations, analyze the energy usage of different facilities and make recommendations for them to go "green" by installing energy-efficient and environmentally friendly equipment. Part of my responsibilities was to conduct the energy audit, which meant I would physically walk through a building taking energy readings, counting light fixtures and gathering nameplate data from their HVAC (heating, ventilation and air-conditioning) units.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGd2YFWuhQ_jdGgF5MXryHk3Q_SMF-bhMaUcI1_H11XKR0wRauvZe_ObqS65XMUB_Rf8bKTfvt7udNsp0c4d0Y-LaE7kvyGI6262HWIeKcOikAtVcS9bn2l5QQcUwgb3dMYg9u9kuJwWI/s1600/charleston+libary+society.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGd2YFWuhQ_jdGgF5MXryHk3Q_SMF-bhMaUcI1_H11XKR0wRauvZe_ObqS65XMUB_Rf8bKTfvt7udNsp0c4d0Y-LaE7kvyGI6262HWIeKcOikAtVcS9bn2l5QQcUwgb3dMYg9u9kuJwWI/s1600/charleston+libary+society.jpg" /></a></div>
So one day, my sales associate asked me to audit the <a href="http://www.charlestonlibrarysociety.org/" target="_blank">Charleston Library Society</a> in South Carolina. This library, founded in 1748, is the third oldest in the country. It houses plenty of colonial era literature including a letter from <a href="http://www.biography.com/people/george-washington-9524786" target="_blank">President George Washington</a>. What I didn't know before I scheduled the appointment there was that it also contained one GHOST.<br />
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I walked in the Library and met with the head librarians. The library was moderately occupied for a Tuesday afternoon. They basically gave me free access to venture throughout the building on my own. I started from the top (the roof) and worked my way down to the basement. I only needed an hour or two to do my job. It was your standard audit, counting lighting fixtures, measuring windows, gathering temperature readings, calculating ventilation and taking down make/model numbers on motors, AC units and the boiler. The librarian did tell me that one time the vents on the boiler were not working properly and they almost had a carbon monoxide poisoning incident there recently. Otherwise nothing special to report here or so it seemed.<br />
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While I was in the basement, I walked through the Archives, the special collection of books that were not available to the public. I happened to notice in an adjoining room there was a person in there. I didn't want to disturb them as their back was towards me. I did notice something odd. They were just standing there, not making a sound. I assumed it was another librarian re-shelving books. He had on an old heavy looking suit though, which I found odd since it was the middle of the summer. I paid him no mind and continued looking at the lights.<br />
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The PA system came on a few minutes later telling us that the library would be closing in 15 minutes. I finished what I had to do and made my way upstairs. Once the I got to the main floor most of the library was empty and the librarians were shutting down the lights. I informed the librarians that there was someone still downstairs. They both looked at each other and said "No there isn't." I politely told them "Yes there is, I saw him. He had on a black coat. He's in the archives room. Is that one of your co-workers?" Their eyes widened and one of them spoke softly. She said, "You saw <i>THE GHOST</i>."<br />
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I thought to myself and said "I'm getting the hell outta here these people are crazy." Did the ghost try to kill them by closing all the vents on the boiler? Something told me that they were telling the truth but I wasn't going back downstairs to prove them wrong. Later on, I approved their project for whatever they wanted. I never went back to see if it was done!<br />
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Fast forward 8 years later to now and I run across some old articles to this old haunting ground. I can now put a name and face to my ghostly encounter. The ghost that haunts the Charleston Library Society is none other than its largest contributor, the late <a href="http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20071031/PC1602/310319923" target="_blank">William Godber Hinson</a> (1838-1919). Click that link to see his face and read a story about him. Several librarians have <a href="http://www.charlestonmercury.com/index.php/en/history/133-legends-and-ghoulish-traditions-of-the-library-society" target="_blank">reported </a>seeing him over the years.<br />
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I may never set foot again in the Charleston Library Society, but if I do, at least I know who to call....<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiq6v7CvCxK0OB4ICaiLW6aIoSPrPhF6hGEGtRf0aE7e4XzxbZ991BPw1Eow-jlXU0UvvnOe-arKNW6gJmfsumUt_PVFnEDPCZSZdUdt3JY1SZkojm9s21UOueTZioYhTnMWOPalKoXKdY/s1600/Library-Ghost-1.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiq6v7CvCxK0OB4ICaiLW6aIoSPrPhF6hGEGtRf0aE7e4XzxbZ991BPw1Eow-jlXU0UvvnOe-arKNW6gJmfsumUt_PVFnEDPCZSZdUdt3JY1SZkojm9s21UOueTZioYhTnMWOPalKoXKdY/s1600/Library-Ghost-1.jpg" height="180" width="320" /></a></div>
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Read my mother's old ghost story <a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2013/11/the-ghosts-of-cope-october-4-2012.html" target="_blank">HERE</a> if you dare!Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-46759032480041509712014-10-09T17:10:00.000-07:002014-10-09T17:10:07.123-07:00All Aboard With The Wilkinsons Have you ever wondered what made your Southern ancestors relocate up North during <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Migration_(African_American)" target="_blank">the Great Migration</a>? This is one of the stories that has been passed down in my family history on my mother's Livingston side. I wish to thank Lorraine Thompson for gathering all this data and keeping the history alive that we share during the <b><span style="color: red;"><a href="http://www.livingston-wilkinsonfamily.org/#2843" target="_blank">Livingston-Wilkinson-Wright Family Reunions</a></span></b> as the years progress.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPHVOMXQFiw0sh-dPrc49ckR-cZEvnrjyDU0QulggZv4LHeYqX7irxnzZXfr87tUpPt1RFDxhlSghP7Gb3jA6wD-sX6KM6UEeadwK4NAZ5DPbjMXYy19H4ZqZ_YidaI7AcabvU-iJYNXo/s1600/Livingston+family+crest.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhPHVOMXQFiw0sh-dPrc49ckR-cZEvnrjyDU0QulggZv4LHeYqX7irxnzZXfr87tUpPt1RFDxhlSghP7Gb3jA6wD-sX6KM6UEeadwK4NAZ5DPbjMXYy19H4ZqZ_YidaI7AcabvU-iJYNXo/s1600/Livingston+family+crest.jpg" height="200" width="150" /></a></div>
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<b>Moore</b> (also known as <b>Murrah</b>) and <b>Matilda Curry-Wilkinson</b> were born in Orangeburg, SC in the mid 1800s. Moore was born about October 1855 and Matilda about 1861. They lived on their own plantation that was previously owned by his father and his father before him. Moore and Matilda had 15 children, 6 girls and 9 boys.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiF9xBqaw1VBs25nVStHaGFg508uF26NXTh0dT8vAXOGzNo1Hrwf5MIKgvj8v-XokBWMvLsDdBUaFDcJeBC9RTGdMOYh1K9xNcx2Bpg9jr3rbU119XArIBu5a7tQ3D-fVemyr0yq_k7d-4/s1600/MatildaandMurrahWilkinson.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiF9xBqaw1VBs25nVStHaGFg508uF26NXTh0dT8vAXOGzNo1Hrwf5MIKgvj8v-XokBWMvLsDdBUaFDcJeBC9RTGdMOYh1K9xNcx2Bpg9jr3rbU119XArIBu5a7tQ3D-fVemyr0yq_k7d-4/s1600/MatildaandMurrahWilkinson.jpg" height="200" width="150" /></a>They were:<br />
Willie Wilkinson-Wright (married Catherine Brown) b. 1877<br />
Alice Wilkinson b. 1878<br />
Festus Wilkinson (married Gladys) b. 1879<br />
Elijah Wilkinson b. 1879<br />
Tinkerbell Wilkinson b. 1880<br />
Laura Wilkinson b. 1881<br />
Marstella Wilkinson b. 1882<br />
Jerome Wilkinson b. 1884<br />
Ernest Wilkinson (married Sally) b. 1885<br />
<b>Moore Mose Wilkinson Jr.</b> (married <b>Annie Livingston</b>) b. 1888<br />
James Wilkinson b. 1891<br />
<b>Eugene Wilkinson</b> (married <b>Vernell Livingston</b>) b. 1894<br />
Sentie Wilkinson b. 1896<br />
Herbert Wilkinson b. 1898<br />
Rubin Wilkinson b. 1899<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbpihPAaQUbxweD8GdxC3RNlZ6swFMjmA0JBPyMeKlGQ0bP0NAMnkISniPash6iWAb4ADH308ugMK4X88p9JxOFdiuq6CnzHmRBTB_FRcZbmpCfJxIgB7c1bAtgOu-ehV0o-BvvZ2Lwsc/s1600/Claflin_University_Seal.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgbpihPAaQUbxweD8GdxC3RNlZ6swFMjmA0JBPyMeKlGQ0bP0NAMnkISniPash6iWAb4ADH308ugMK4X88p9JxOFdiuq6CnzHmRBTB_FRcZbmpCfJxIgB7c1bAtgOu-ehV0o-BvvZ2Lwsc/s1600/Claflin_University_Seal.png" height="185" width="200" /></a></div>
Moore Sr was a humanitarian in his own right. He attended <a href="http://www.claflin.edu/" target="_blank">Claflin University</a> where he studied law. He taught school and helped his people as much as he could. He was very much concerned and interested in the welfare of his race. His neighbors and friends would consult him for advice and assistance. He would bail them out of jail, give them jobs and provide land for them to work and farm in order to make a living for their families.<br />
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One time, Murrah defended one of the neighbors who had been accused of stealing a pig from a white man's farm. Murrah said, "If you stole that man's pig, give me half of that pig and I will keep you out of jail." The man gave him half of the pig. While pleading the case, Murrah told the judge, "That man does not have anymore of that pig than I do." Because he was respected as an honest man, the case was dismissed and the man was free to go. Murrah warned him of his faults and advised him to change his behavior.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRojCj2fchR_U-VxcwqbHqxYA9SUs-kmqRxwcK3faQ7sBX88UxKbUpczFQTPBfTbUrlPkLnN8bgvGNh1i0TDzA4tehre_DdfRKg02omhd1nQFNvfasKHgDx0lRG97v3_bNSNapVXOlPTA/s1600/owlogo.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjRojCj2fchR_U-VxcwqbHqxYA9SUs-kmqRxwcK3faQ7sBX88UxKbUpczFQTPBfTbUrlPkLnN8bgvGNh1i0TDzA4tehre_DdfRKg02omhd1nQFNvfasKHgDx0lRG97v3_bNSNapVXOlPTA/s1600/owlogo.jpg" height="145" width="200" /></a>As a peacemaker, he would often give of himself, talk to others and advise them on how to handle different situations to keep out of trouble. He went to court on many occasions defending, counseling and representing people as their attorney. A school was named <a href="http://ow.ocsd5.net/" target="_blank">Wilkinson High</a> after him and is still operating within the Orangeburg school district. <b><span style="color: orange;">GO BRUINS!!</span></b><br />
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With acres of land on their huge plantation, he worked hard at farming, raising cattle and chickens, etc. until the decided they needed a change for their children along with a better chance to give them an education and an opportunity to do so. Moore believed and stressed getting the best education offered during that time. He was very strict and proud. He sold his plantation in the fall of 1907. On December 20, 1907 the Wilkinson family left Orangeburg by train with 9 of their children (5 were deceased) to New York. Their son Willie came a year later in 1908 to their new home at <a href="https://www.google.com/maps/@40.6894531,-73.9354678,3a,75y,261.31h,90t/data=!3m4!1e1!3m2!1scWxEfDUaFOdJvBTy04zwNg!2e0!6m1!1e1" target="_blank">639 Lexington Avenue, Brooklyn, New York</a>. The home remained with the family until it burned down in the early 1960s.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOgzbObnIvA_z8YY3woY38Cr90QuIsXGnZpqCEb6XktnQwq5rABvIAOF5CTgMZhLnj4zkhtSM9zmsCJgpHe0ujfvmlxWNxZGpSa-tuZ4AgBdtwzoh11FZwT0KFQXJ1DabFJ7uoWnJLeK4/s1600/Seaboard_RR_logo.png" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgOgzbObnIvA_z8YY3woY38Cr90QuIsXGnZpqCEb6XktnQwq5rABvIAOF5CTgMZhLnj4zkhtSM9zmsCJgpHe0ujfvmlxWNxZGpSa-tuZ4AgBdtwzoh11FZwT0KFQXJ1DabFJ7uoWnJLeK4/s1600/Seaboard_RR_logo.png" height="195" width="200" /></a>Murrah worked at various jobs until he secured and purchased his own cleaning and pressing business. He and his sons worked very hard, long hours and were successful for several years.<br />
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Moore Wilkinson Jr., left the family business to work for the Eastern <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seaboard_Air_Line_Railroad" target="_blank">Seaboard Air Line Railroad</a> as a porter traveling from Maine to Florida, sometimes cross country; until 1913 when he moved to Washington, DC on Patterson Street NE with his younger brother Eugene. Later Eugene Wilkinson and his wife Vernell moved to <a href="https://www.google.com/maps/search/6412+chapel+hill+road,+cedar+heights,+maryland/@38.9026108,-76.9080278,19z/am=t/data=!3m1!5s0x89b7bff4be89e6a5:0x7edf0a3adcfe0b35" target="_blank">6412 Chapel Road, Cedar Heights, Maryland</a>. To this day, the family still owns the land but the house was torn down. Eugene became an ordained minister serving the Colored Methodist Episcopal churches in Washington, DC and Virginia areas. He performed many marriages and numerous deeds of kindness but would not charge anything. His favorite saying was <i><b><span style="color: magenta;">"Stand for a Principle." </span></b></i><br />
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Eugene and Vernell's 11 children were:<br />
LeRoy Webster Wilkinson (married to Lilliemae)<br />
Frederick Eugene Wilkinson (married to Genevie Thomas)<br />
Learline Dorothy Wilkinson (married to Grover Carson)<br />
Ruth Vernell Wilkinson (married to Edward E. Thomas)<br />
Curtis Samuel Wilkinson (married to Nellie Black)<br />
Nathaniel Louis Wilkinson (married to Helen Hilda Johnson)<br />
Florence Evelyn Wilkinson (married to Thomas Freeland)<br />
Christine Alberta Wilkinson (married to Michael Parker Sr.)<br />
Naomi Margurite Wilkinson (married to John W. Minor)<br />
Jean Delores Wilkinson (married to Richard Colbert)<br />
Vernita DeVera Wilkinson (married to Joseph Wimbush)<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLbbp6RuRJl4NVdkwNBvip_agZ_WNVQs_Fvg6CsvDdRGvJNwjSa5z639Cpd7O2yYco6tjbztAzjr_uXk78ZM-2CucybZO_OIbbeaNFuIYTE8W51J_zBJtr465k-jaapnzU3uCnRmxp1a8/s1600/1910+Sam+Livingston.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em; text-align: center;"><br /></a>
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicNRmi1Sb4pR2rzcrgAtjm7dAW4sWQaOjtws-Q3uKOAVk9NQY4x7XN6EKD3q2LJ17VEcaagaM0dNfgC_G39FwthqGK9QQ8LXDdfTGIPnTVFYTJgX9T4bX1D8P6xRwB0u_tlIEiVsEScok/s1600/1900+Sam+Livingston.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEicNRmi1Sb4pR2rzcrgAtjm7dAW4sWQaOjtws-Q3uKOAVk9NQY4x7XN6EKD3q2LJ17VEcaagaM0dNfgC_G39FwthqGK9QQ8LXDdfTGIPnTVFYTJgX9T4bX1D8P6xRwB0u_tlIEiVsEScok/s1600/1900+Sam+Livingston.jpg" height="200" width="150" /></a><b>Samuel </b>and <b>Frances Brown-Livingston</b> were the parents of Vernell and Annie. Samuel was the brother of my great-great grandfather <b>William A. Livingston</b> of Orangeburg, SC. When Vernell graduated from <a href="http://www.claflin.edu/" target="_blank">Claflin College</a> at age 16, her mother sent her to Maryland to live with her Uncle Willie and Aunt Catherine Wright. Catherine and Frances were sisters. Annie also went to live in MD a year later. When Vernell arrived in DC by train, Willie sent his younger brother Eugene to pick her up. <span style="color: red;"><i><b>It was love at first sight.</b> </i></span>They courted for 2 years before she was allowed to marry. Annie and Vernell were very close and didn't want to be separated. When Moore Jr. came from Brooklyn to visit his brother in MD, he fell in love with Annie. Moore Jr. married Annie on October 6, 1914.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzsyAdq2yi6CYWn_4Gkr_fGxmYyTJrocXYAm5jU4AXSUfMbk3vrQnAr4Cf0FrWvK19rPKrPxJ42cuTQRCC1oz8bhFFtcvNOfq8i_kyUp-SWaosAjzf3usbOXf_aHkiMVZjPeWeUNvrwHo/s1600/WillieandCatherineWright.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgzsyAdq2yi6CYWn_4Gkr_fGxmYyTJrocXYAm5jU4AXSUfMbk3vrQnAr4Cf0FrWvK19rPKrPxJ42cuTQRCC1oz8bhFFtcvNOfq8i_kyUp-SWaosAjzf3usbOXf_aHkiMVZjPeWeUNvrwHo/s1600/WillieandCatherineWright.jpg" height="200" width="150" /></a></div>
Moore and Annie bought land and built their home at <a href="https://www.google.com/maps/search/307+64th+Street,+cedar+heights,+maryland/@38.9026123,-76.9080289,51m/data=!3m1!1e3" target="_blank">307 64th Street in Cedar Heights, MD</a>. Moore did odd jobs when he first came to DC, took courses at <a href="http://www.burrvillees.org/" target="_blank">Burrville School</a> (801 Division Avenue NE, Washington, DC) attending at night in order to better himself. He was awarded certificates for Carpentry and Masonry.<br />
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The family relocated to Detroit, MI for 2 years so that Moore could work for the <a href="http://corporate.ford.com/" target="_blank">Ford Motor Company</a>. Unfortunately conditions there were too competitive and he returned back to DC in 1923. He was hired by the Federal government (<a href="http://interior.gov/index.cfm" target="_blank">US Department of Interior</a> employed Moore as a laborer and then an engineer) serving until his retirement.<br />
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Moore and Annie Wilkinson had six children:<br />
Jessie Mae Wilkinson (married to Mr. Hart)<br />
Rosalee Constance Wilkinson (married to William Davenport Sr.)<br />
John Emory Francis Wilkinson<br />
Annie Eiles Wilkinson<br />
Marie Genevieve Wilkinson (married to Wallace James Deal Sr.)<br />
Lorraine Marguerite Wilkinson (married to Hayward Thompson Sr.)<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLbbp6RuRJl4NVdkwNBvip_agZ_WNVQs_Fvg6CsvDdRGvJNwjSa5z639Cpd7O2yYco6tjbztAzjr_uXk78ZM-2CucybZO_OIbbeaNFuIYTE8W51J_zBJtr465k-jaapnzU3uCnRmxp1a8/s1600/1910+Sam+Livingston.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em; text-align: center;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjLbbp6RuRJl4NVdkwNBvip_agZ_WNVQs_Fvg6CsvDdRGvJNwjSa5z639Cpd7O2yYco6tjbztAzjr_uXk78ZM-2CucybZO_OIbbeaNFuIYTE8W51J_zBJtr465k-jaapnzU3uCnRmxp1a8/s1600/1910+Sam+Livingston.jpg" height="200" width="150" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGfw1fjLOaUWWUgZuN0lQwvxKPauGk2HNNNtZ_gD5Stb5rDFPHscl9Rj-LW484O0p98KeiVwDfH689eZfQXLBeSWFveMlzQBYmPXFaHinCm5G1KlPcqREPEj57drsQkg6CfFPaAnfIZqI/s1600/MooreandMattieWilkerson.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><br /></a>Moore and Eugene would later ask their father for the money to relocate their wives' other sisters (Mary Livingston-Lee, Hattie Livingston-Wheeler, Ella Livingson-Stephenson and Nina Livingston-Hall) and mother (Frances Livingston) from SC to Maryland to keep the family close. The Wilkinson brothers built another home on the property so that the Livingston's could have their own place to live. Another brother, Herbert Wilkinson wanted to marry Mary Livingston but Frances put her foot down and said <b><i><span style="color: magenta;">"There's ENOUGH Wilkinsons in this family!" </span></i></b>Mary would later marry a man (Burgess Lee Sr.) that abandoned her and their two children. Mary died of pneumonia at the age of 35 leaving her children to be raised by their relatives. Frances would regret making that marriage decision for the rest of her life.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGfw1fjLOaUWWUgZuN0lQwvxKPauGk2HNNNtZ_gD5Stb5rDFPHscl9Rj-LW484O0p98KeiVwDfH689eZfQXLBeSWFveMlzQBYmPXFaHinCm5G1KlPcqREPEj57drsQkg6CfFPaAnfIZqI/s1600/MooreandMattieWilkerson.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: right; float: right; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjGfw1fjLOaUWWUgZuN0lQwvxKPauGk2HNNNtZ_gD5Stb5rDFPHscl9Rj-LW484O0p98KeiVwDfH689eZfQXLBeSWFveMlzQBYmPXFaHinCm5G1KlPcqREPEj57drsQkg6CfFPaAnfIZqI/s1600/MooreandMattieWilkerson.jpg" height="200" width="150" /></a>Annie Wilkinson died in January 1935. Moore raised his family alone for over 10 years. Moore then married Mattie Black on June 26, 1946. Moore died in March 1988 at 100 years old. Mattie died in 1990. Eugene died on October 28, 1956. Vernell died on March 4, 1974.<br />
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They left us a legacy of love for family, education and determination to make a better place in this world for our children. Most important though, they taught us that nothing could be accomplished without a belief in God.<br />
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<br />Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-55826575900298914172014-09-29T21:36:00.001-07:002014-09-29T21:36:11.445-07:00Where there is a WILL, there is a way (The story of Julia Jackson)Every summer, mom and dad would drive from Long Island, NY down to South Carolina to see the family. I would stay up all for most of the 16 hour trip just to make sure we stopped at <a href="http://www.thesouthoftheborder.com/" target="_blank">South of the Border</a>. I had to get my fireworks from Pedro for the Fourth of July! That was always the highlight of the trip for me but dad wanted us to get to know our kinfolk.<br />
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Dad really was the glue that kept all the family together. For 2 weeks dad would make sure we got to see almost all the branches of family scattered across the state. Last on the trip would be a visit to the countryside of Ritter in Colleton County. There resided the Jackson family. <b>Julia Ann Murray Jackson</b> (1889 - 1978) was my great-grandmother. I don't remember much about her because she died when I was young. Whenever I look at this photo of her, I tend to revert to a 5 year old, want to jump in her lap and listen to her tell me a story. I remember fig trees in her yard and fresh pecans in her kitchen. She had a big country farm full of cows, pigs and horses left to her by her husband, my great-grandfather <b>George Jackson</b> (1887 - 1967).<br />
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<b>Peter Murray</b> and his wife <b>Rebecca Grant-Murray</b> lived near the Jackson family. I had mentioned Peter's father <b><a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2014_03_01_archive.html" target="_blank">Henry Murray</a></b> in an earlier blog post. George married his neighbor Peter's daughter Julia in 1908 and were devoted Catholics. Life for them was blessed but sometimes chaotic. George received plenty of farm land in Ritter by his father <b><a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2014/06/frank-jackson-keeping-faith-alive.html" target="_blank">Frank Jackson</a></b>. George worked at the local saw mill by day and was a bootlegger by night. He was literally two different people. His nickname was <i>TUNK</i>. That's what you called him when you wanted to buy some alcohol. During the time of prohibition, you could make a fortune on corn liquor. He would bring his shotgun to church on Sunday just in case he had to run out to protect his still. The still was located deep in the woods near his house but was within running distance of <a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2013/12/st-james-greater-catholic-church.html" target="_blank">St. James the Greater Church at Catholic Hill</a> in case the police showed up. I remember seeing what was left of the still back in the 70s but I didn't have a clue what went on there. Back then, kids were seen and not heard. And what went on in the family, STAYED in the family. I guess we had our own version of <a href="http://www.hbo.com/boardwalk-empire#/" target="_blank">Boardwalk Empire</a> going on back then.</div>
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Rumor has it that George and Julia had 20 children. Unfortunately, the Jackson family descendants only remember 17 of them. Three must have been stillborn or died very young.<br />
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I have a copy of my great-grandfather's Last Will and Testament dated October 18, 1965. George Jackson owned 108 acres of land in Catholic Hill, near the community of Ritter, in Blake Township, Colleton County, South Carolina. The estate included three homes (George's, Harold's and Henrietta's) and land was valued at $35K (<i>equivalent to $261K in 2014</i>). The will only listed 10 surviving children. All of the property and estate went to Julia. Before she died, she prepared a will that left everything to her surviving children and their descendants. Julia Jackson died on January 15, 1978 and was buried alongside her husband at <a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2013/12/st-james-greater-catholic-church.html" target="_blank">St. James the Greater Cemetery in Catholic Hill</a>. The Jackson property was to be distributed in tenths to coincide with those children mentioned in the will. Approximately 10.8 acres were to go to each child.<br />
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George and Julia's children were:<br />
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<b>Frances Jackson: </b>She died in 1956. Her share (1/10) of the estate was split evenly between the 5 children by her husband <b><a href="http://foreverwaynexyoung.blogspot.com/2014/04/52-ancestors-big-james-young.html" target="_blank">James Young Sr</a></b>.<br />
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<b>Frank Jackson:</b> He received one tenth of the estate. He is pictured below. He was married to <b>Evelyn Jackson</b> and had no children. It was rumored that he had one son out of wedlock.<br />
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<b>Mary Jackson:</b> She received one tenth of the estate. She had one daughter out of wedlock.<br />
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<b>Georgia Jackson: </b>She married <b>Terry Griffin</b>. They had no children before she died. She received one tenth of the estate.<br />
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<b>James "Bubba" Jackson:</b> He died young with no children.<br />
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<b>Earnestine Jackson:</b> She died young with no children.<br />
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<b>Harold Jackson:</b> He was married to <b>Queen Hairston</b>. He received one tenth of the estate. They had 2 children. He also had 3 children out of wedlock with <b>Rosemary Radcliff</b>.<b> </b><br />
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<b>Henrietta Jackson:</b> She received one tenth of the estate. She had 1 child. Henrietta took care of her mother until she died. She is pictured below with Julia's great grandchildren <b>Karen Radcliff-Ferguson</b>, <b>George Jackson III</b>, <b>Harold Radcliff</b> and <b>Mary Frances Jackson-Holme</b>s. Her home is pictured in the background.<br />
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<b>Lee Jackson:</b> He married <b>Evelyn A. Johnson</b>. He received one tenth of the estate. They had 2 children.<br />
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<b>Cornelia Jackson:</b> She was the wife of <b>Anderson Chisolm Sr.</b>. She received one tenth of the estate. They had 4 children.<br />
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<b>George Jackson Jr.:</b> He died young with no children.<br />
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<b>Minnie Jackson: </b>She was the wife of <b>Harley Magwood</b>. She received one tenth of the estate. They had 2 children.<br />
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<b>Dorothy Jackson:</b> She died young with no children.<br />
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<b>Bell Jackson: </b>She died young with no children.<br />
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<b>Wesley Jackson: </b>He died young with no children.<br />
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<b>William Jackson:</b> He died young with no children.<br />
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<b>Louise Jackson:</b> She married <b>Oliver Bartholomew</b> from Grenada. She received one tenth of the estate. They had 3 children together. Louise had one son prior to this marriage.</div>
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Unfortunately the harmony within this family did not last. After Julia's death, the surviving siblings fought to gain control of majority share of the property. Henrietta produced a third will appeared that stated the land wasn't divided evenly. She felt she deserved more for taking care of Julia in her final years. The children of Frances Jackson-Young received only 0.93 acres each! This caused a major rift between the Youngs and Jacksons. Henrietta died shortly after her mother and then Frank assumed control of the land. The legal battle went on for nearly 20 years until all of the original Jackson siblings died off in the 1990s.<br />
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Now there are more descendants and the property has been divided even further with a bit sold off. Our ancestral homes are no longer there but some of the land is still ours. So in order to restore peace, several of us plan to hold a Jackson Family Reunion on the old homestead within the next year or two.<br />
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It was hard but my great-grandmother showed that she loved all her children EVENLY. I hope that this reunion will settle her spirit and bring the family back together as one.<br />
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com8tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-82193128043018105882014-09-09T19:25:00.001-07:002014-09-09T19:57:40.694-07:00Back to School with the Livingstons<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Did your parents ever say that you would be the first to attend college in your family? I knew I wasn't the first on my dad's side but I was curious to see who on my mother's side could claim that title. Of course fate would have it that I would find proof that not one but TWO of my great grand-uncles attended <a href="http://www.claflin.edu/" target="_blank">Claflin University in Orangeburg, SC</a> way back in the late 1800s. Claflin is the oldest Historic Black College & University (HBCU) in the state of South Carolina. Claflin celebrates its 145th year in existence with the theme <i>"Celebrating Traditions, Pursuing Transformative Change."</i> I like their Twitter hashtag as well:<i> #AverageIsOver</i>. <a href="http://athletics.claflin.edu/index.aspx" target="_blank">Go Panthers</a>!! </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Claflin University was founded in 1869 and its mission was to educate freedmen and prepare them with skills as full citizens. Their standard college courses included English, geometry and physics. On March 12, 1872 the College of Agriculture and Mechanics' Institute for Colored Students was created with an 116 acre experimental farm. There, students learned trades such as surveying, steam engineering, bricklaying, carpentry, nursing, tailoring and domestics. If you completed the standard college courses you received a diploma. If you completed the rudimentary English courses and learned a trade you received a certificate. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"><b>Grant Livingston</b> b. 1870 and <b>Samuel Livingston</b> b. 1872 were both sons of <b>Jace </b>and <b>Dorcas Livingston</b> from Liberty Township in Orangeburg County, SC. In 1880, both sons attended school but Grant couldn't write. These two were the only ones that could read. Their parents were both illiterate and the other children were too young for school. It is not known how much education they received from public school but they probably left to help their parents on the farm. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Once they reached their late teens, both young men went to college to learn a trade.</span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Samuel and Grant Livingston were named as students in the <a href="http://archive.org/stream/annualcatalog8998claf/annualcatalog8998claf_djvu.txt" target="_blank">1889 - 1890 Claflin University Annual Catalog</a>. They attended sewing/tailoring classes that year. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">From <a href="http://genealogytrails.com/scar/orangeburg/claflin_university3.html" target="_blank">1890 to 1891</a>, Grant and Samuel Livingston were enrolled in the Third Grade English Curriculum at Claflin University. </span><br />
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<span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Courses include:</span><br />
<pre><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Reading — Fourth Reader.
Spelling.
Arithmetic, Multiplication, Division, etc., to Fractions.
Geography — United States to South America.
Language — Language Lessons.
Science — Physiology (Elementary.)
Writing.
Music.
Drawing.
Religious Instructions daily. </span></pre>
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<pre><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In 1891, Grant was enrolled in Carpentry and Painting. Samuel took Blacksmithing as a skilled trade. <div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
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<pre><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">By 1900, Samuel was a married father of three with his wife <b>Frances</b> b. 1877 and </span></pre>
<pre><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">grandmother <b>Adella</b> b. 1830 in his household located in Union Township of Orangeburg. His occupation was farmer. The later censuses said he had a 4th grade education. Grant </span></pre>
<pre><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">became a longshoreman, married <b>Lula Aiken</b> b. 1880 and had several children in </span></pre>
<pre><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">Charleston, SC. He spent most of his time out at sea throughout the years. </span></pre>
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<pre><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">It is not known if they received their certificates for the trades they studied or actually used </span></pre>
<pre><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">those skills professionally. </span></pre>
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<pre><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">In our<i><b> Livingston-Wilkinson Family Gathering Souvenir Booklets</b></i> we normally have a </span></pre>
<pre><span style="font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;">page that lists all our University Graduates, next time I will petition to have Grant and Sam's names added as the FIRST of our family to attend college. </span></pre>
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Anonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/14914590648566907984noreply@blogger.com4tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2368054215981685904.post-75602221376057307992014-06-19T14:50:00.001-07:002014-06-19T14:59:06.262-07:00Frank Jackson - Keeping the Faith AliveHappy Juneteenth Bloggers!<br />
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During the Civil War, South Carolina lost as much as 20% of its white male population in battle. Many of its plantations were burned to the ground. Freed persons of color were no longer considered as property but as human beings. When the fortunes of the former slave-owners were diminished, many of them left the area. In addition, several churches were abandoned as well. Prior to the war, prominent slave-owning families in SC had converted their slaves to Roman Catholicism and had them baptized. After emancipation, it was only logical that these freedpersons would remain tied to that religion. Here is a story about one of my early African-American ancestors and his role in the Catholic Church. </div>
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Frank Jackson was born on November 15, 1855 in Barnwell, SC. Frank was the son of <b>George Jackson</b> b. 1833 and <b>Maryann Green </b>b. 1840. Frank had a younger brother named James Jackson b. 1859. From what I was able to uncover was that George and Maryann were not married to each other. By 1863, George resided in Aiken, was married to Jane and was the father of two sons Anthony and Preston Jackson. Maryann resided in Barnwell, was married to John Graham and was the mother of two sons Benjamin and Edward Graham.<br />
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Poor Maryann was paralyzed and bed-ridden. Only young James lived with the Graham family. Frank was on his own by the age of 15. In 1870, he lived in the household of Ben Deedly of Bedloc, Barnwell and worked on the 8,000 acre Johnson farm. What is interesting to note that the foreman of the Johnson farm was James Morgan Jackson b. 1820, who is probably his grand uncle.<br />
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By his 18th birthday, Frank had earned enough money to own his own land. He relocated to the city of <a href="http://www.walterborosc.org/About.aspx/" target="_blank">Walterboro</a>, formerly a summer retreat for wealthy plantation owners, in the township of Blake, Colleton County, SC. Frank owned five acres of land next door to the Grahams and his brother James. In 1875, Frank married <b>Louisa Lewis</b> b. 1852. Frank helped raise Louisa's two sons Willie Smith b. 1870 and Henry Smith b. 1872 by a previous marriage. Frank and Louisa's children were Louisa Jackson b. 1874, James Jackson b. 1876, Kate Jackson b. 1878, Sarah U. Jackson b. 1883, <b>George Jackson</b> b. 1887, Cardoza Jackson b. 1888 and Annie Jackson b. 1890. Only 4 of their children lived past 1900.<br />
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Interesting side-note: George Jackson is my great-grandfather. He had a son named Frank Jackson and a grandson named George Jackson. So my family had five generations of alternating names between George and Frank.<br />
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When Frank and his family moved to Walterboro, he renewed his faith and practiced Catholicsm with the local residents. Frank's land is no more than a quarter mile from <a href="http://www.postandcourier.com/article/20130707/PC16/130709586" target="_blank">St. James the Greater Catholic Church</a> located on Ritter Road. The church had burned down in 1856. By the time Civil War occurred plans for rebuilding the church were abandoned when white residents left the area. In the 1870s, a school house was built on the site called Catholic Hill by the free African-Americans who lived nearby. Residents used that building to educate their children and to pray. Frank helped build that school house.<br />
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By 1897 a new church was built. Frank was one of these parishoners mentioned in an old pamphlet that helped maintain and preserve the church for future generations. (Click the 3rd image to view his name)<br />
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Frank and his brother James remained close. They were neighbors in 1900. James was married to Nancy and had seven children of his own.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1t7IbA-VzOTw1zupYMLjFDfTT7lxNQJzf0NRRGzE99F5ZRZ-jxrmLVyvN2JKLrt-OIObcqQudh9FdBtm8x933BWA9Q4cA5FUFXE19HgaQ7E2Q6bSWKbDpbnfrZi7wQbqlrVAo9pAHHcg/s1600/1900FrankJackson2.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj1t7IbA-VzOTw1zupYMLjFDfTT7lxNQJzf0NRRGzE99F5ZRZ-jxrmLVyvN2JKLrt-OIObcqQudh9FdBtm8x933BWA9Q4cA5FUFXE19HgaQ7E2Q6bSWKbDpbnfrZi7wQbqlrVAo9pAHHcg/s1600/1900FrankJackson2.jpg" height="193" width="200" /></a></div>
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James Jackson died on November 20, 1916 from Bright's Disease. It was from his death certificate that I was able to identify his father's name. Frank Jackson died on November 21, 1926 of Dropsy. They are both buried in the church's cemetary on Catholic Hill. I have six generations of family buried there. To this day, my family still owns the land surrounding the church. To everyone, the church is a historic landmark. To me, its the house my great-great grandfather built.<br />
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<a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbTbk47maMrtYcbxdBs5NhmpIAN6N2bRXEmtXG-FCh05fmWfvN_KFIELO_rvg-z1ILOgdkbrXl0wgpgvCiNzq3jOGkHd9H7yZwJay4o4FHVQ1wdyZqxLmoJ24RQGAQHsnGoIVoNg_Vwc4/s1600/JamesJacksondeathcertificate.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbTbk47maMrtYcbxdBs5NhmpIAN6N2bRXEmtXG-FCh05fmWfvN_KFIELO_rvg-z1ILOgdkbrXl0wgpgvCiNzq3jOGkHd9H7yZwJay4o4FHVQ1wdyZqxLmoJ24RQGAQHsnGoIVoNg_Vwc4/s1600/JamesJacksondeathcertificate.jpg" height="171" width="200" /></a><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiqvw8skF4m4ZIzKwI9b7PMJ-LfBbGXRcgzPuuU6ek4kjJdOOoAvG7uG3gKCf7Su0OA6hgoT2kjTt201wu6cy1t71I2kYoAa3_faxxGBrsvbIPgcKBNHWQYNq4VRHgFCqeI96UADRf_kc/s1600/FrankJacksondeathcertificate.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgiqvw8skF4m4ZIzKwI9b7PMJ-LfBbGXRcgzPuuU6ek4kjJdOOoAvG7uG3gKCf7Su0OA6hgoT2kjTt201wu6cy1t71I2kYoAa3_faxxGBrsvbIPgcKBNHWQYNq4VRHgFCqeI96UADRf_kc/s1600/FrankJacksondeathcertificate.jpg" height="163" width="200" /></a></div>
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A special thanks to Valerie Lewis-Mosely for providing me a copy of the St. James the Greater Church pamphlet. </div>
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